'Latent learning' is an example of :

Key Points

• Latent learning is a type of learning in which an individual learns something without any immediate reinforcement.
• The learning is said to be "latent" because it is not immediately apparent. However, the learning can be revealed later on, when the individual is given an opportunity to use the knowledge.
• Latent learning was first described by Edward C. Tolman in the 1930s. Tolman conducted a series of experiments with rats in mazes.
• He found that the rats would learn the maze even if they were not given any food or water rewards for doing so.
• The rats would then be able to use the knowledge they had gained to navigate the maze more quickly when they were later given food or water rewards.
• Latent learning is a type of cognitive learning. Cognitive learning is a type of learning that involves the use of mental processes, such as thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving.

Additional Information

•  Avoidance learning: Avoidance learning is a type of learning in which an individual learns to avoid something that is unpleasant. For example, a rat might learn to avoid a shock by jumping out of a box when it hears a bell.
• Escape learning: Escape learning is a type of learning in which an individual learns to escape from something that is unpleasant. For example, a rat might learn to escape from a box by pressing a lever when it hears a bell.
• Programmed learning: Programmed learning is a type of learning that uses a series of carefully sequenced steps to teach a new skill. Programmed learning is often used in education and training.

Therefore, latent learning is an example of cognitive learning.