Geography MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Geography - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Hwang Ho.

Key Points

• The Hwang Ho River, also known as the Yellow River, is referred to as the 'grief of China' due to its frequent and devastating floods.
• It is the second longest river in China and the sixth longest in the world, with a length of about 5,464 kilometers.
• The river's basin was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization, making it a significant cultural and historical landmark.
• Efforts have been made to control and manage the river's flow to prevent future disasters, including the construction of dams and levees.

Additional Information

• Yangtze River
  • The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world, stretching about 6,300 kilometers.
  • It plays a crucial role in China's economy, serving as a major transportation route and providing water for agriculture and industry.
  • The Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest power station in terms of installed capacity, is located on the Yangtze River.
• Heilongjiang River
  • The Heilongjiang River, also known as the Amur River, forms part of the border between China and Russia.
  • It has a length of about 4,444 kilometers.
  • The river is significant for its biodiversity, supporting a variety of fish species and other wildlife.
• Tarim River
  • The Tarim River is the longest inland river in China, located in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
  • It flows through the Taklamakan Desert, one of the largest sandy deserts in the world.
  • The river is crucial for irrigation and agriculture in the arid region it traverses.

The correct answer is Anti-cyclone.

Key Points

• Anti-cyclone
  • An anti-cyclone is a large-scale circulation of winds around a central region of high atmospheric pressure.
  • In the Northern Hemisphere, winds in an anticyclone circulate clockwise, while in the Southern Hemisphere, they circulate counterclockwise.
  • Anticyclones are associated with fair weather conditions, such as clear skies, light winds, and little precipitation.
  • They form due to the sinking of cool air, which increases air pressure at the surface.
  • Anticyclones can influence weather patterns over large areas, often leading to prolonged periods of stable weather.

Additional Information

• Convection
  • In meteorology, convection refers to the vertical movement of air due to differences in temperature and density.
  • Warm air, being less dense, rises, while cooler air sinks.
  • Convection plays a crucial role in driving weather patterns, such as thunderstorms and sea breezes.
  • It is a fundamental process in the Earth's atmosphere, influencing the distribution of heat and moisture.
  • Convection currents can also occur in other fluids, such as water and molten rock.
• Cyclone
  • A cyclone is a large-scale atmospheric circulation characterized by low atmospheric pressure at its center.
  • In the Northern Hemisphere, winds in a cyclone circulate counterclockwise, while in the Southern Hemisphere, they circulate clockwise.
  • Cyclones are associated with stormy weather conditions, including strong winds, heavy rain, and sometimes tornadoes.
  • They form due to the rising of warm, moist air, which creates an area of low pressure.
  • Tropical cyclones, hurricanes, and typhoons are all types of cyclones.
• Orography
  • Orography refers to the influence of topography, such as mountains and hills, on weather patterns.
  • When air masses encounter a mountain range, they are forced to rise, which can lead to cooling and condensation, resulting in precipitation.
  • This phenomenon is known as orographic lifting.
  • Orography can significantly impact regional climates, creating rain shadows on the leeward side of mountain ranges and influencing the distribution of precipitation.
  • The Himalayas, for example, create a rain shadow effect on the Tibetan Plateau.

The correct answer is East, West.

Key Points

• Venus revolves around its axis from East to West.
• Most planets in our solar system rotate from West to East, but Venus and Uranus have retrograde rotation.
• This means that if you were standing on the surface of Venus, the Sun would appear to rise in the west and set in the east.
• Venus has a very slow rotation speed, taking about 243 Earth days to complete one rotation.

Additional Information

• Retrograde Rotation
  • Retrograde rotation is when a planet rotates in the opposite direction to its orbit around the Sun.
  • In the case of Venus, it rotates retrograde, meaning it spins clockwise if viewed from above its north pole.
  • Uranus also exhibits retrograde rotation, although it is tilted so far over it is often described as rotating on its side.
• Orbital Characteristics of Venus
  • Venus orbits the Sun every 225 Earth days.
  • Despite its slow rotation, Venus has a relatively quick orbit around the Sun.
  • Venus does not have any moons or rings.

The correct answer is Black Sea and Maramara Sea.

Key Points

• The Bosphorus strait is a natural waterway that connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara.
• It is one of the busiest waterways in the world and serves as a crucial passage for international maritime trade.
• The Bosphorus is also a significant cultural and historical landmark, dividing the European and Asian parts of Turkey.
• It has a length of approximately 30 kilometers (19 miles) and varies in width from 700 meters to 3.7 kilometers.
• The strait has been historically important since ancient times and continues to hold strategic and economic significance today.

Additional Information

• Geographical Significance
  • The Bosphorus strait forms part of the boundary between Europe and Asia, making it a significant geographical landmark.
  • It is one of the narrowest straits used for international navigation, which adds to its importance in global maritime routes.
• Historical Importance
  • The Bosphorus has been a key strategic location for various empires throughout history, including the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires.
  • It has numerous historical sites along its shores, including palaces, fortresses, and ancient ruins.

​The boundary line between India and Pakistan is Radcliffe Line.

A border line is a dividing line that marks the territorial limits between two countries. Our country India shares land borders with seven countries including Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Afghanistan, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan and maritime borders with Sri Lanka, Maldives and Indonesia. It has 15,106.7 kilometres of land border and a coastline of 7,516 kilometres including its island territories.

Key Points

Radcliffe Line:

• Radcliffe Line divided British India into India and Pakistan.
• It is named after the architect of this line, Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who was also the chairman of the Boundary Commissions.
• The Radcliffe Line was drawn between West Pakistan (now Pakistan) and India on the western side and between India and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) on the eastern side of the subcontinent.

Additional Information

McMahon Line: 

• Named after the British Indian Army officer Lieutenant Colonel Sir Arthur Henry McMahon, who was also an administrator in British India, the McMahon line is a demarcation that separates Tibet and the north-east India. Colonel McMahon had proposed this line as the boundary between Tibet, China, and India at the Shimla Convention of 1914.

Durand Line:

• Boundary line between India and Afghanistan demarcated by Sir Mortimer Durand, a British diplomat in the year 1896 is known as the Durand Line.
• It separated British India and Afghanistan. After partition, Pakistan inherited this line.
• However, a short section of the Afghanistan border is shared with the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Line of Actual Control (LAC):

• Line of Actual Control is the demarcation line between India and China which separates the India controlled territory from the China-controlled territory in the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. 

Line of Control (LOC):

• The military controlled line between India and Pakistan in the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir is named as the Line of Control (LOC). It was originally known as the Ceasefire Line. 

​

The correct answer is 35.

Key Points

• The average salinity of seawater is about 35 grams per kilogram (g/kg) of seawater, or 35 ppt.
• Seawater generally ranges from 33 ppt to 38 ppt. Freshwater lakes, rivers, and streams contain some dissolved matter—1 ppt or less.
• Brackish water is a mixture of fresh water and seawater, below approximately 33 ppt.
• Hypersaline water, or brine, is very salty seawater, above approximately 38 ppt.

Additional Information

• Salinity, which is measured in parts per thousand (ppt), is the amount of salt in grams per kilogram of saltwater.
  • The number of parts, or grams, of salt there are per thousand parts, or kilogram (1,000 g), of seawater is known as parts per thousand.
  • The term "parts per thousand" (ppt) is frequently used. 
  • Both temperature and salinity affect density.
  • A hydrometer can be used to determine the density of a liquid by measuring the level at which the hydrometer floats in it.

Thus, the correct matching is, a - iv, b - iii, c - i, d - ii

Electoral behavior in India:

• Electoral behavior is also known as voting behavior
• It determines by various socio-economic and political factors
• The behavior of voters in the contest of election is known as electoral behavior
• According to Gordon Marshall, “ The study of voting behavior invariably focuses on the determinants of why people vote as they do and how they arrive at the decisions they make.”

• The determinants of electoral behavior can be categorized into two,

• Socio-economic factors	Political factors
  Caste Religion Language Regionalism Age-sex Family influence Economic condition at the time of election Education of the voter The economic condition of the voter etc.	The personality of the leader Money Political ideology Performance of the ruling party Personal and emotional association with the party Political events Election campaign Candidate orientation etc.

Important Points

Some important electoral behaviour:

Caste: 

• It is an important factor in Indian politics.
• Caste was actually born with the profession of one's family.
• The caste of the politician and the caste of the voter determines the voting behavior.

Religion and language: 

• Religious sentiments also influence the electoral behavior in India

• Linguistic feelings is also an important factor and it influenced by regionalism and sub-regionalism to a large extent  

Money power: Economic condition of the voter can exchange ‘votes for notes’ 

The correct answer is Rural Urban Continuum.
Important Points

Louis Wirth is best known for his work in urban sociology and his concept of "Urbanism as a Way of Life," in which he explores the effects of urban living on individuals and communities. However, of the options you've given, Wirth is most closely associated with the concept of the Rural-Urban Continuum.

• Louis Wirth defined a city to have defining characteristics that included a large population, size, a heterogeneous nature, and a defined boundary.
• A city is identified by businesses, population, and a unique cultural landscape.
• Urban locations include non-rural areas like a city and the surrounding suburbs.
• Major characteristics of cities include having downtown areas, buildings, highways, and other transportation networks.
• Businesses, a large population, and a unique cultural landscape identify a city, whereas urban locations include non-rural areas like the city and suburbs.
• Common characteristics of significant cities include having a downtown area, large buildings, and a highway and transportation network.

The correct answer is Brazil and Indonesia.
Key Points

• According to the Food and Agriculture Organization's Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015, Brazil and Indonesia were the leading countries in terms of forest depletion between 1990 to 2015.
• The report indicated that the two countries accounted for around 40% of the total global forest loss during that period.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations conducts a periodic assessment of the state of the world's forests.

• According to the FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015, Brazil and Indonesia were among the leading countries in terms of forest depletion between 1990 and 2015.
• Brazil lost a total of 7.7 million hectares of forest during this period, while Indonesia lost 6.2 million hectares.
• These countries have experienced significant deforestation due to a range of factors, including expansion of agriculture, logging, and mining activities.
• Deforestation is a major environmental issue as it can lead to the loss of biodiversity, soil degradation, and other negative impacts.
• It can also contribute to climate change by releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC):

Key Points

History:

• The idea was first raised by Ziaur Rahman, President of Bangladesh in November 1980.
• Their first meeting was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka in April 1981.
• The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was established with the signing of the SAARC Charter in Dhaka on 8 December 1985.
• The Secretariat of SAARC is located in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Member Countries:

• At that time there were 8 member countries, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Sri Lanka
• Afghanistan joined SAARC in 2007.
• Myanmar has stated it would like to become a full member of the SAARC

• There are currently nine Observers to SAARC. Russia and Turkey are applied to become observers of SAARC

• Member Countries	Observer Countries
  Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Sri Lanka	1.Australia 2.China 3.The European Union 4.Iran 5.Japan 6.The Republic of Korea 7.Mauritius 8.Myanmar 9.The United States of America

  

SAARC in short:

• Present Secretary-General of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) H.E. Esala Ruwan Weerakoon of Sri Lanka appointed on 01 March 2020.
• The Secretariat of the Association was set up in Kathmandu on 17 January 1987

SAARC specialized bodies are

1. SAARC Development Fund (SDF)
2. South Asian University
3. South Asian Regional Standards Organization (SARSO) has its Secretariat in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
4. SAARC Arbitration Council

Census of India defined the urban regions in two ways, census town, and statutory town.

Key Points

The definition of 'census towns' formulated by the Census of India:

All other places which satisfied the following criteria:

1. A minimum population of 5,000;
2. At least 75 percent of the male main working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and
3. A density of population of at least 400 persons per sq. km. 

It is known as Census Town. These were identified on the basis of Census 2001 data. 

Hence, b) and c) are correct.

Important Points

Statutory Towns:

•  These towns are notified under the law by the concerned State/UT Government and have local bodies like municipal corporations, municipalities, municipal committees, etc., irrespective of their demographic characteristics as reckoned on 31st December 2009.
• Examples: Vadodara (M Corp.), Shimla (M Corp.), etc.
• All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc.

The correct answer is: 3) A, B, E Only

Key Points

• Internal Structure and arrangement of towns:
  • This statement is correct.
  • Urban morphology studies the layout, form, and structure of towns and cities, which includes how the internal areas are organized.
• Arrangement of roads and buildings in town:
  • This statement is correct.
  • Urban morphology examines the spatial patterns of roads, buildings, and other structures to understand the development and functionality of urban areas.
• Land uses planning in towns:
  • This statement is correct.
  • Land use planning is a component of urban morphology that addresses how different areas within a town are used, such as residential, commercial, and industrial zones.
• Functional zones within a region/district:
  • This statement is incorrect.
  • While functional zones are crucial for urban planning, the focus of urban morphology is more on the town level rather than broader regional zoning.
• History of development of country/region:
  • This statement is incorrect.
  • The history of a country's or region's development falls under historical geography and urban studies but is not a primary feature of urban morphology.

Additional Information

• Urban Morphology:
  • Urban Morphology is the study of the physical form of cities, including street patterns, building types, and land use patterns.
  • This field helps urban planners and geographers understand the underlying structure and development of urban areas, influencing future urban design and planning.
• Key Aspects of Urban Morphology:
  • The analysis typically includes the pattern and layout of streets, the size and shape of buildings, and the distribution of various land uses.
  • Insights from urban morphology can inform sustainable development practices, heritage conservation, and modern urban planning.

The correct answer is M. E. Hurst
Important Points"Transportation and the Societal Framework" is a book written by M. E. Hurst, a British geographer and transportation researcher.

• The book, first published in 1970, explores the relationships between transportation systems and the broader social, economic, and environmental contexts in which they operate.
• It discusses the impacts of transportation on cities, regions, and societies, as well as the political and institutional frameworks that shape transportation policy and planning.

Hurst's work has been influential in shaping the field of transportation geography, which seeks to understand the spatial dimensions of transportation systems and their relationships with social, economic, and environmental systems.

• His emphasis on the importance of considering transportation within a broader societal framework has been widely recognized as an important contribution to the field.

In summary, "Transportation and the Societal Framework" is a book written by M. E. Hurst, a British geographer and transportation researcher.

• The book explores the relationships between transportation systems and the broader social, economic, and environmental contexts in which they operate, and has been influential in shaping the field of transportation geography.