The Himalayan mountain system is geologically categorised as: 

The correct answer is Folded Mountains.

Key Points

• The Himalayan mountain system is classified as Folded Mountains due to its formation by the collision of tectonic plates.
• It was created when the Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate approximately 50 million years ago, resulting in the folding of sedimentary rocks.
• The Himalayas are considered young fold mountains compared to other mountain ranges, as their geological age is relatively recent.
• Folded mountains are characterized by anticlines and synclines, which are upward and downward folds in rock layers.
• The Himalayas include some of the world's highest peaks, such as Mount Everest (8,848 meters) and K2 (8,611 meters).

Additional Information

• Fold Mountains:
  • Fold mountains are formed due to the compressional forces acting on the Earth's crust, which cause rock layers to buckle and fold.
  • They are typically associated with convergent plate boundaries, where two tectonic plates collide.
  • Examples of fold mountains include the Rocky Mountains, the Andes, and the Alps.
• Formation of the Himalayas:
  • The collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate resulted in the upliftment of sedimentary rocks from the Tethys Ocean.
  • This process led to the formation of the Himalayan range, which is still rising due to ongoing tectonic activity.
  • The Himalayas are an example of active tectonics, making the region prone to earthquakes.
• Geological Characteristics:
  • The Himalayas are divided into three major ranges: the Greater Himalayas, the Lesser Himalayas, and the Shivalik Hills.
  • The region is known for its diverse geological features, including glacial valleys, river systems, and sedimentary basins.
• Significance of the Himalayas:
  • The Himalayas act as a natural barrier, influencing the climate and monsoon patterns in South Asia.
  • The mountain range is rich in biodiversity and is home to numerous species of flora and fauna.
  • It also serves as a source for major river systems like the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and Indus, supporting millions of people.