Malthus theory of population is based on which concept?

The correct answer is Geometric Population Growth and Arithmetic Food Supply Growth.

Key Points

• The Malthusian Theory of Population was proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus in his work, "An Essay on the Principle of Population" published in 1798.
• Malthus asserted that while the population grows geometrically (i.e., exponentially), food supply or resources grow arithmetically (i.e., linearly).
• According to Malthus, the population would eventually outstrip the food supply, leading to famine, disease, and other population checks.
• He believed that these checks were necessary to maintain a balance between the population size and the availability of resources.
• The theory emphasizes the potential for overpopulation and its consequences on society, including poverty and scarcity of resources.

 Additional Information

• Exponential Inflation and Low Unemployment Rate
  • This option refers to economic concepts rather than population theory.
  • Inflation is the rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises.
  • Unemployment rate measures the percentage of the labor force that is jobless and actively seeking employment.
• High Birth Rate and Low Death Rate
  • This option refers to demographic features rather than a theoretical framework.
  • High birth rate indicates a large number of live births per 1,000 people per year.
  • Low death rate indicates a small number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
• Low Dependency Ratio and High Demographic Dividend
  • This option refers to demographic terms and economic benefits.
  • Dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents (people younger than 15 or older than 64) to the working-age population.
  • Demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population is larger than the non-working-age share.