Inclusive Education MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Inclusive Education - Download Free PDF

Understanding the needs and potential of children from disadvantaged backgrounds is crucial for fostering an inclusive and effective learning environment. Intelligence is not dependent on socio-economic status, and all children have the capacity to learn and succeed when provided with appropriate support and resources.

Key Points

•  Providing additional resources and support, such as extra academic help, counseling, or nutritional aid, can significantly improve learning outcomes for disadvantaged learners. This approach addresses the barriers these children face and helps create a level playing field, enabling them to achieve their full potential.
• Assuming that children from disadvantaged backgrounds lack intelligence is a harmful stereotype that can limit expectations and opportunities. Ignoring their needs or denying the effectiveness of support also fails to recognize the complex factors influencing learning.

Hence, the correct answer is only Statement B is true.

Giftedness in learners refers to exceptional abilities or talents that go beyond the average developmental level. Identifying these signs early helps teachers provide appropriate challenges and support to nurture their potential. 

Key Points

• High curiosity drives gifted learners to explore and ask questions beyond the usual scope.
• An advanced vocabulary shows their strong language development and ability to understand and use complex words.
• Quick learning indicates their capacity to absorb and process new information faster than their peers. These characteristics together point towards giftedness.
• Preference for routine tasks, however, is usually not associated with gifted learners. They typically seek novelty and challenge rather than repetitive, predictable activities. Therefore, the presence of routine preference does not align well with gifted behaviors.

Hence, the correct answer is (i), (iii), (iv).

Children with specific learning difficulties such as dyslexia benefit from teaching strategies that accommodate their unique challenges.

 Key Points

• Multi-sensory teaching approaches engage multiple senses to help reinforce learning, making it easier for these children to grasp concepts.
• Providing extra time and breaking down tasks into smaller steps also support their learning process by reducing pressure and increasing clarity.
• However, focusing solely on spelling errors and punishing the child can be discouraging and counterproductive. It may increase anxiety and reduce motivation, hindering progress. Instead, positive reinforcement and supportive strategies should be emphasized.

Hence, the correct answer is focusing solely on spelling errors and punishing them.

 Key Points

• In the educational context, the term ‘impairment’ refers to a problem related to the functioning or structure of the body.
• This can include physical, sensory, or cognitive difficulties that may affect a child’s ability to learn or participate fully in classroom activities.
• Recognizing impairments helps educators provide appropriate accommodations and support to students who face such challenges.

Hint

•  A lack of motivation, socio-economic disadvantages, and temporary academic setbacks, while important factors influencing learning, do not fall under the definition of impairment.
• These are external or situational challenges rather than issues of body function or structure.

Hence, the correct answer is a problem in body function or structure.

Inclusivity in the classroom means creating an environment where every student feels valued and respected, regardless of their cultural or linguistic background. Recognizing and celebrating diversity helps students develop mutual respect and a sense of belonging.

Key Points

•  Using teaching materials that reflect cultural diversity acknowledges students’ backgrounds and experiences, making learning more relevant and engaging for everyone.
• It also helps all students appreciate different cultures, fostering a positive and inclusive classroom climate.
• Ignoring differences or enforcing a single language can alienate students and limit their expression. Grouping students based on cultural background may lead to segregation rather than integration.

Hence, the correct answer is use teaching materials that reflect cultural diversity.

Disadvantaged and marginalized groups are those who do not have sufficient resources as compared to the established students. These groups of students get discriminated against in terms of race, color, or economic status.

• The present pandemic condition has increased the challenge of providing education to such groups due to lack of access to the internet or computers, especially in countries like India where a large chunk of the population is still living in rural areas.

Key Points

• By inclusion of the language and culture of the disadvantaged and marginalized groups within the school curriculum, a teacher can ensure equity in education.
• Equity in education is a measure of achievement, success, placement, and opportunities in education.
•  Educational equity is dependent on two main factors:
  • justified opportunities: opportunities implies that factors specific to one’s personal conditions should not interfere with the potential of academic success
  • inclusion: it refers to a comprehensive standard that applies to everyone in a certain education system.
• Equity in education ensures the basic requirement of education that is required by the student for basic work skills. Inclusion of local language will ease the process of learning for the marginalized group to help them understand better and to enable them in concept learning through local translation.

Thus, it is concluded that by including the language and culture of the disadvantaged and marginalized groups within the school curriculum a teacher can ensure equity in education.

Hint

• The term ‘equality’ refers to balance, symmetry, and evenness or the same in all respects. Equality in education would mean that all students would have the same access to and receive exactly the same opportunities irrespective of any indicators like caste, class, region, religion, gender, etc. Equality focuses on what is fair within the group whereas equity focuses on the principle of fairness.

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia (inability to read), dysgraphia (inability to write), dyscalculia (inability to calculate), etc are examples of learning disabilities. 

Key Points

• Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): It is a type of developmental or behavioural disorder whose essential feature is a persistent pattern of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that is more frequent and severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development.

Typical Behaviours Associated with ADHD are:

• Poorly sustained attention in all situations
• Diminished persistence in tasks not having immediate consequences
• Impulsivity
• More active or restless than normal children
• Difficulty in adhering to the rules and regulations

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that the full form of ADHD is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Prejudice is an attitude that predisposes a person to think, perceive, feel and act in favorable and unfavorable ways towards a group or its individual members.

• A teacher who is prejudiced against a particular community may fail students belonging to that community. He may not select students of a particular community for the school team, although the students in question deserve merit selection against all criteria.

Key Points

• Seating arrangement based on gender, caste, and class reflects discrimination. It displays the mindset of the teacher. Such arrangement shows that the teacher has biased towards a particular group.
• Such practices should not be encouraged because they leave a negative impact on the minds of the learner and demotivate the students to focus on their studies.

Thus, it is concluded that Deep-seated teacher prejudices about disadvantaged groups can often be revealed through an analysis of seating arrangements done on the basis of gender, caste, and classroom processes.

Stagnation stands for the retention of a child in a class for a period of more than one year. Gradually when a student takes more than one year to pass a class it is considered a case of stagnation.

Key Points

• Stagnation is one of the most acute problems of tribal education. Absenteeism leads to stagnation and both naturally lead to wastage.
• Formerly stagnation used to occur due to lower achievement in the examinations. It means those who fail to secure minimum marks in the class tests will not be sent for the terminal examination and such candidates will have to remain in the same standard for one more year.
• But this practice is now stopped, whether a student secures minimum marks in the class tests or not he/she is eligible to sit for terminal examinations. At present minimum attendance is prescribed for students for promotion. 

Hence, it could be concluded that retention of a child in a same class for more than one year is the meaning of stagnation in education.

The Government of India has implemented various policies such as the Right to Education Act, Persons with Disability Act, to ensure the inclusion of a person suffering from disability in the schooling system and the society at large.

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (RPWD Act), 2016

• Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) 2016 has replaced the existing PWD Act, 1995.
• In this Act, disability has been defined based on an evolving and dynamic concept.
• The types of disabilities have been increased to 21 and the Central Govt has the power to add more types of disabilities.
• The 21 disabilities are given below: -

1. Blindness
2. Low-vision
3. Leprosy Cured Persons
4. Hearing Impairment (deaf and hard of hearing)
5. Locomotor Disability
6. Dwarfism
7. Intellectual Disability
8. Mental Illness
9. Autism Spectrum Disorder
10. Cerebral Palsy
11. Muscular Dystrophy
12. Chronic Neurological Conditions
13. Specific Learning Disability
14. Multiple Sclerosis
15. Speech and Language Disability
16. Thalassemia
17. Hemophilia
18. Sickle Cell Disease
19. Multiple Disabilities including Deaf-Blindness
20. Acid Attack Victims
21. Parkinson’s Disease

​​Hence, it can be concluded that all are included in the RPWD Act, 2016. 

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Reading disorders are part of learning disabilities.

Key Points

Dyslexia is associated with the 'Reading disorder' as it refers to difficulty in Reading, Writing, and Spelling.

Dyslexia is the most common learning disability(Reading disorder) which makes learners:

• confuse with the same shapes and sounds of alphabet.
• unable to read, interpret, and understand letters and words.
• bewilder in identifying and relating speech sounds with letters and words.

Hence, it could be concluded that the 'Dyslexia' is associated with 'Reading disorder'.

Additional Information

Other Disabilities in Brief:

Learning Disability: It is a neurological disorder that prevents a person from learning a skill and using it effectively. Generally, occurs in childhood and characterized by difficulty with certain skills such as reading, writing, speaking etc.

• Dyslexia: It is a ‘Reading’ disability, which is not due to mental retardation, brain damage, or a lack of intelligence. It is caused by an impairment in the brain’s ability to translate images received from the eyes or ears into understandable language.

Key Points

Characteristics of a Child Suffering from Dyslexia:

• A dyslexic child will read and write slowly, often reversing letters, word or numbers.
• The child may try to guess while reading, omitting or adding words not in the text.
• He/she may have a poor vocabulary and weak comprehension.
• Difficulty in learning or copying from the board or printed book.
• A child may have difficulty remembering or understanding printed words.
• Problems with reading accurately and fluency.

NOTE: Some Other Common Learning Disabilities in Children:

Hence, it becomes clear that certainty as to right or left-handedness is not a characteristic of Dyslexia.

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. 

Key Points

• Dyslexia is associated with the 'Reading disorder' as it refers to difficulty in Reading, Writing, and Spelling.
• Dyslexia is the most common learning disability(Reading disorder) which makes learners:
  • confuse with the same shapes and sounds of the alphabet.
  • unable to read, interpret, and understand letters and words.
  • bewilder in identifying and relating speech sounds with letters and words.

Hence, it could be concluded that Parul most likely has 'Dyslexia'.

Additional Information

Other Disabilities in Brief:

The term inclusive means including or involving. It means involving all the children with disabilities, different castes, creeds, religions, social, economic, or cultural backgrounds in one classroom. Inclusion celebrates the disability in a classroom. 

Key Points

• In inclusion, all the children are brought into the mainstream. 
• The education system will make suitable modifications to suit the needs of children of various diversities. 
• Students in an inclusive school or classroom should be provided with all the adaptations, and resources as per their needs of students. 
• The aim of inclusive education is to make students independent or self-reliant. 
• It is very important for social integration of society which means bringing society together through inclusive education. 
• It involves children without segregation of children with disabilities, children who are socially, economically, culturally, and linguistically disadvantaged.

Hence, it can be concluded that providing equal opportunities to every student irrespective of their disability, caste, and creed. 

Teachers are the most important resources in educational settings. They are the implementer of education and key figures for any changes required in the educational field.

Key Points

A teacher's most important role in an inclusive classroom is to ensure that every child gets an opportunity to realize their potential as an inclusive classroom is a part of inclusive education which:

• includes all children in the education system, regardless of their differences and disabilities.
• provides a provision to include disabled children along with normal children in classroom environment.
• accommodates all children regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic, or other conditions.
• advocates to provide education as per learners' age irrespective of their physical disabilities and mental disabilities. 
• values the diversity, each child brings to the classroom and facilitates all with equal opportunities to learn and grow.

Basic Principles of an inclusive classroom:

• Well constructed educational plan.

• Use of multilingualism as a resource.
• Use of specific pedagogical strategies.
• Equity and equal opportunities for all.
• Sensitization towards individual differences.

 Hence, it could be concluded that a teacher's most important role in an inclusive classroom is to ensure that every child gets an opportunity to rea lize their potential.