Fundamental Duties MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Fundamental Duties - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is '2002'.

Key Points11^th Fundamental Duty

• Part IV-A (Article 51-A) deals with Fundamental Duties.
• This part is added by the 42^nd amendment in 1976.
• It contains originally 10 duties.
• Now it contains 11 duties after the 86^th amendment act, 2002.
• The 11th fundamental duty is to Provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Thus, the correct answer is 2002.

Additional Information86^th Amendment, 2002

• It is related to the new Article 21A added after Article 21.
• The new Article 21A deals with the right to education - "The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children between the age of 6 to 14 years. This shall be subject to the law prescribed by the State concerned."
• The following article has been added to Article 45 of the Constitution in which provision has been made for the early care and education of children below the age of six years.​
• Article 45 - "The State shall endeavour to provide for the early care and education of all children until they attain the age of six years."
• By amending Article 51A of the Constitution, after (J), a new article (K) has been added, "There is a provision to provide opportunities which shall enable a parent or guardian or guardian of a child of the age of 6 to 14 years to provide education to his child". This is the 11t^h Fundamental Duty.

Confusion PointsThe 10 fundamental duties were added through the 42nd amendment,1976 and the 11th Fundamental Duty was added through 86th Amendment, 2002 in the Indian Constitution.

The correct answer is Fundamental Duties.

Key Points

• Part IV-A of the Indian Constitution was added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976.
• It contains a single Article, Article 51A, which outlines the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens.
• The concept of Fundamental Duties was inspired by the Constitution of the erstwhile USSR.
• Originally, there were 10 Fundamental Duties, but the 86th Amendment Act, 2002, added an 11th duty related to providing opportunities for education to children between the ages of 6 and 14 years.
• Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by the courts.

Additional Information

• List of Fundamental Duties under Article 51A:
  • To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.
  • To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
  • To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
  • To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
  • To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all the people of India.
  • To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
  • To protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife.
  • To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
  • To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
  • To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
  • To provide opportunities for education to children aged 6 to 14 years (added by the 86th Amendment).
• Non-Justiciable Nature: Since Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, their violation does not attract legal penalties. They are meant to serve as a moral guide for citizens.
• Significance of Fundamental Duties: These duties aim to foster a sense of responsibility among citizens and promote national unity and integrity.
• 42nd Amendment Act: This amendment, also known as the "Mini-Constitution," introduced significant changes, including the addition of Fundamental Duties, and emphasized the directive principles of state policy.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. 42^nd.

• Fundamental Duties had been added to the constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.
• All the fundamental duties were incorporated in one article only i.e. Article 51-A.
• It is in Part IV A of the constitution.

Extra facts:

*CAA- Constitutional Amendment Act

The correct answer is Citizens only.

Key Points

• The Fundamental Duties are enshrined under Article 51A of the Indian Constitution.
• These duties are applicable only to citizens of India and not to foreigners.
• The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
• There are currently 11 Fundamental Duties, which highlight moral obligations for citizens to promote a spirit of patriotism and uphold the unity of the nation.
• These duties are non-justiciable, meaning they are not legally enforceable by the courts but are intended to serve as moral and ethical guidelines.

Additional Information

• 42nd Amendment Act, 1976:
  • Known as the "Mini-Constitution," it brought significant changes to the Indian Constitution.
  • It added the Fundamental Duties (Part IVA) and also made changes to the Preamble and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs).
• Swaran Singh Committee:
  • It was constituted by the Government of India in 1976 to recommend the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Constitution.
  • While the committee recommended 8 duties, 10 were initially adopted, and an 11th duty was added through the 86th Amendment Act, 2002.
• Non-justiciable Nature:
  • Fundamental Duties cannot be enforced by courts, unlike Fundamental Rights, but they serve as a reminder to citizens to act responsibly.
  • The judiciary, however, has referred to these duties in various judgments to emphasize their importance.
• 11 Fundamental Duties:
  • These include respecting the Constitution, the National Flag, and the National Anthem, cherishing the noble ideals of freedom struggle, protecting the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India, and promoting harmony.
  • The 11th duty, added by the 86th Amendment, obligates parents/guardians to provide opportunities for education to their children aged 6-14 years.

The correct answer is H R Gokhale.

Key Points

• H R Gokhale was the Union Minister of Law and Justice at the time of incorporation of the Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution.
• He served as cabinet minister of Law and Justice in the Indira Gandhi government during The Emergency (1975–1977).
• H. R. Gokhale was an Indian politician who was a member of the Indian National Congress from Maharashtra and of the Lok Sabha from Mumbai North West.
• He died at the age of 62 after suffering a heart attack in New Delhi in February 1978.

Additional Information 

• Kengal Hanumanthaiah: Kengel Hanumanthaiah was the second Chief Minister of Mysore State from 30th March 1952 to 19th August 1956. 
• Shiv Shankar: He was made Law Minister in Third Indira Gandhi Ministry in 1980.
• Shanti Bhushan: He served as the Law Minister of India holding office at the Ministry of Law and Justice from 1977 to 1979 in the Morarji Desai Ministry. 

The correct answer is Fundamental Duties.

Confusion Points

• Preamble finds the mention of the words "Sovereign, Unity and Integrity".
• However, if you try to focus on the complete sentence i.e "To uphold and protect the Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India" is a provision mentioned in Article 51-A of the Constitution i.e Fundamental Duties.

Key Points

Fundamental Duties:

• The fundamental duties were incorporated in Part IV-A of our constitution through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976.
• At present, there are eleven fundamental duties under article 51 A of the constitution.
• The idea of Fundamental Duties has been borrowed from the erstwhile USSR.
• Originally the duties were ten in number, later on through 86th Amendment Act, 2002, the eleventh Fundamental duty was added.
• Swaran Singh Committee recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution.
• Fundamental duties are non-enforceable in nature.
• Following are the eleven Fundamental Duties:
  1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
  2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
  3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
  4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
  5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
  6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
  7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.
  8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
  9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
  10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
  11. To provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six to fourteen years. This duty was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.

Additional Information

• Preamble:
  • The preamble can be referred to as the preface of the constitution as it highlights the entire constitution.
  • The preamble is the soul of the constitution as it is part of the constitution.
  • Preamble acts as an interpreter of the constitution.
  • Whenever a question of doubt arises in the interpretation of the constitution then the matter is decided in the light of the preamble.
• Fundamental Rights:
  • Articles 12-35 of Part - III of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights.
  • Fundamental rights are enforceable in the court of law.
• Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP):
  • Articles 36-51 of Part-IV of the Indian Constitution deals with Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). 
  • They are borrowed from the constitution of Ireland. 
  • DPSP's are non-justiciable and are not enforceable in the court of law.
  • They act as directives to the government to create any law.
  • They act as the ‘instrument of instructions’.

Option 1 is NOT a fundamental duty.

Important PointsArticle 49. Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance. -It shall be the obligation of the State to protect every monument or place or object of artistic or historic interest, to be of national importance, from spoliation, disfigurement, destruction, removal, disposal or export, as the case may be. Hence, Option 1 is NOT a fundamental duty.

Key Points

• Fundamental duties were added to the Indian constitution on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.
• In the Constitution of India, fundamental duties are mentioned in article 51A.
• Fundamental duties are non-justiciable in nature.
• The idea of fundamental duties was borrowed from the Russian constitution.
• Fundamental duties were added to the Indian constitution by the 42nd constitutional amendment act 1976. 

There are 11 fundamental duties in the Indian constitution.

1. Abide by the Constitution and respect the national flag & National Anthem.
2. Follow ideals of the freedom struggle.
3. Protect sovereignty & integrity of India.
4. Defend the country and render national services when called upon.
5. Sprit of a common brotherhood.
6. Preserve composite culture.
7. Preserve the natural environment.
8. Develop a scientific temper.
9. Safeguard public property.
10. Strive for excellence.
11. Duty for all parents/guardians to send their children in the age group of 6-14 years to school.

The correct answer is Justiciable.Key Points

• The Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens were not part of the original Constitution. These were introduced later by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976, based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. The duties are listed in Part IVA (Article 51A) of the Indian Constitution.
• Fundamental Duties, as per the Indian Constitution, have been established to promote a sense of respect and responsibility amongst citizens. Importantly, these duties are non-justiciable—they cannot be enforced through legal proceedings. This is in stark contrast with Fundamental Rights, which are enforceable in nature.
• The Fundamental Duties covered under Article 51A are ten in number and they were later expanded to eleven by the 86th Amendment in 2002.
• The Fundamental Rights, outlined in Part III of the constitution from Article 12 to 35, are integral to the Indian Constitution. Drafted by Dr. Ambedkar and the other framers of the Constitution, these rights were derived from the US Bill of Rights, the Irish Constitution, and various other sources. These rights are justiciable, meaning they can be enforced through the courts. If a person feels their Fundamental Rights have been violated, they can directly approach the Supreme Court or High Courts for enforcement or protection of such rights, according to Article 32 and Article 226 of the Constitution respectively.
• Fundamental Duties were not included in this part to maintain a clear demarcation between the rights that are enforceable by law (such as the fundamental rights) and moral obligations or responsibilities (such as the fundamental duties) that are not legally enforceable.

Additional InformationFundamental Duties (Part IVA: Article 51A):

The correct answer is USSR.

Key Points

• Fundamental Duties in the Indian constitution are borrowed from the constitution of the USSR. USSR is known as the Constitution of the Soviet Union. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a federal socialist state in Northern Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
• Indian constitution borrowed fundamental duties and the ideal of justice (social, economic, and political) in the preamble from the USSR. Many other ideas were borrowed from South Africa, Japan, and France.
• Some of the features are borrowed from the USA :

1. Fundamental Rights: Articles 12 to 35 of the Indian constitution contains all fundamental rights. Fundamental rights are basic human rights. There are six fundamental rights:  Right to equality, Right to Freedom, Right to Freedom of Religion, Right against Exploitation, Right to Constitutional Remedies, and Cultural and Educational Rights.
2. Judicial review: It is a type of court case, in which someone challenges the lawfulness of a government decision. Otherwise, the court can order the government to do or not do something. The law which applies in cases of this type is sometimes called “public law” or “administrative law”.

Additional Information

• The Constitution of India is the backbone of democracy in our country. 
• The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26th November 1949 and it came into effect on 26th of January 1950. 

The correct answer is Indira Gandhi.

Key Points

• It was added to the Constitution of India under the leadership of Indira Gandhi.
• The Fundamental Duties of citizens were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, upon the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee that was constituted by the Government.
• When the Constitution was adopted in the year 1949, there were no provisions regarding Fundamental Duties to the Citizens though there was a Part III for Fundamental Rights.
• The Swaran Singh Committee suggested that steps needed to be taken to ensure that the individual did not overlook his duties while in the exercise of his Fundamental Rights. 

Additional Information

By way of the 42nd Constitution (Amendment) Act, 1976, a new Chapter IV-A which consists of only one Article i.e 51-A was added which dealt with a Code of Ten Fundamental Duties for citizens.

• Fundamental duties are intended to serve as a constant reminder to every citizen that while the constitution specifically conferred on them certain Fundamental Rights, it also requires citizens to observe certain basic norms of democratic conduct and democratic behavior because rights and duties are correlative.
• The inclusion of Fundamental Duties brought our Constitution in line with Article 29 (1) of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and with provisions in several modern Constitutions of other countries.
• The concept of Fundamental duties was taken from the USSR.
• The Fundamental duties are essentially taken from Indian tradition, mythology, religions, and practices.
• Essentially these were the duties that are the codification of tasks integral to the Indian way of life.

Thus, we can conclude that Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution of India in 1976.

The correct answer is USSR.

Key Points

In 1976, the 42nd amendment to the Constitution was passed. Among other things, this amendment inserted a list of Fundamental Duties of Citizens. 

• Fundamental duties come under Part IVA and Article 51A.
• These duties are statutory, and are not enforceable by law but are taken into account by the courts while adjudicating any matter.
• Fundamental Duties in the Constitution are inspired by USSR.
• List of Fundamental Duties of India
  • To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;
  • To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
  • To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India;
  • To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
  • To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
  • To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
  • To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures;
  • To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
  • To safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
  • To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement;
  • Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years.

Additional Information

• Japan is the only democratic country, other than India, to have Fundamental duties in its Constitution.
• These duties were incorporated in the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. 
• Only 8 Fundamental duties were based on the Swaran Singh Committee recommendation while the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act added 10 Fundamental duties in the Constitution.
• Later, the 86th Amendment Act, 2002 was passed that introduced one more fundamental duty in the Constitution. Now there are Eleven Fundamental duties in the Constitution.

The correct answer is Article 51A (a).

Key Points

• The Fundamental Duties were incorporated in Part IV-A of the Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 on the recommendations of Swaran Singh Committee.
• The idea of Fundamental Duties is inspired by the Constitution of the USSR.
• The Fundamental duties are non-justiciable in nature.
• There are a total of 11 Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51-A of the Constitution
• Article 51A (a) has laid down that all Indians need to show respect to the Indian National Flag and the Indian National Anthem.

Additional Information 

The correct answer is 1976.

Key Points

• By the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution, enacted in 1976, basic duties to people were also enumerated for Indian residents.
• In the Constitution, Article 51 'A' found in Part IV A deals with basic duties.
• Fundamental Duties are derived from Russia's Constitution.
• Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Duties are parts of the Indian Constitution that lay down the fundamental obligations of States with regard to their people and the obligations and rights of citizens with regard to the State.
• Such portions form a constitutional bill of rights for the making of government policies and citizens' behavior and actions.
• These parts are considered essential elements of the constitution established by the Constituent Assembly of India between 1947 and 1949.

Important Points

• Fundamental rights are known by all people as fundamental human rights.
  • These rights, as specified in Part III of the Constitution, extend regardless of ethnicity, place of birth, faith, caste, religion, or gender.
  • They are enforceable, subject to particular limitations, by the courts.
• The standards for the framing of legislation by the government are the Directive Principles of State Policy.
• The aim of Fundamental Rights is to protect the independence and democratic values of people, based on the dignity of all members of society.
• Dr B.R. Ambedkar said that it is not only the duty of the legislature to grant constitutional rights, but also, and most importantly, to protect them. 

The correct answer is Article 51 A.

Key Points

• ​The Fundamental Duties are dealt with in Article 51A under Part-IV A of the Indian Constitution.
• 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added 10 Fundamental Duties to the Indian Constitution. 
• 86th Amendment Act 2002 later added the 11th Fundamental Duty to the list. 
• Swaran Singh Committee in 1976 recommended Fundamental Duties, the necessity of which was felt during the internal emergency of 1975-77.

Additional Information

The correct answer is statutory.

Key Points

• Fundamental duties come under Part IVA and Article 51A.
• These duties are statutory and are not enforceable by law but are taken into account by the courts while adjudicating any matter.
• Fundamental Duties in the Constitution are inspired by USSR.
• Japan is the only democratic country, other than India, to have Fundamental duties in its Constitution.
• These duties were incorporated through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 in the Constitution on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee. 
• Only 8 Fundamental duties were based on the Swaran Singh Committee recommendation while the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act added 10 Fundamental duties in the Constitution.
• Later, the 86th Amendment Act, 2002 was passed that introduced one more fundamental duty in the Constitution. Now there are Eleven Fundamental duties in the Constitution.
• Rights and duties are correlative and inseparable.

Additional Information

List of Fundamental Duties of India

• It shall be the duty of every citizen of India —

1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures;
8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement;
11. Who is a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six to fourteen years.