Basics of Constitution MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Basics of Constitution - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is '2002'.

Key Points11^th Fundamental Duty

• Part IV-A (Article 51-A) deals with Fundamental Duties.
• This part is added by the 42^nd amendment in 1976.
• It contains originally 10 duties.
• Now it contains 11 duties after the 86^th amendment act, 2002.
• The 11th fundamental duty is to Provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Thus, the correct answer is 2002.

Additional Information86^th Amendment, 2002

• It is related to the new Article 21A added after Article 21.
• The new Article 21A deals with the right to education - "The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children between the age of 6 to 14 years. This shall be subject to the law prescribed by the State concerned."
• The following article has been added to Article 45 of the Constitution in which provision has been made for the early care and education of children below the age of six years.​
• Article 45 - "The State shall endeavour to provide for the early care and education of all children until they attain the age of six years."
• By amending Article 51A of the Constitution, after (J), a new article (K) has been added, "There is a provision to provide opportunities which shall enable a parent or guardian or guardian of a child of the age of 6 to 14 years to provide education to his child". This is the 11t^h Fundamental Duty.

Confusion PointsThe 10 fundamental duties were added through the 42nd amendment,1976 and the 11th Fundamental Duty was added through 86th Amendment, 2002 in the Indian Constitution.

The correct answer is Fundamental Duties.

Key Points

• Part IV-A of the Indian Constitution was added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976.
• It contains a single Article, Article 51A, which outlines the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens.
• The concept of Fundamental Duties was inspired by the Constitution of the erstwhile USSR.
• Originally, there were 10 Fundamental Duties, but the 86th Amendment Act, 2002, added an 11th duty related to providing opportunities for education to children between the ages of 6 and 14 years.
• Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by the courts.

Additional Information

• List of Fundamental Duties under Article 51A:
  • To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.
  • To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
  • To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
  • To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
  • To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all the people of India.
  • To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
  • To protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife.
  • To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
  • To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
  • To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
  • To provide opportunities for education to children aged 6 to 14 years (added by the 86th Amendment).
• Non-Justiciable Nature: Since Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable, their violation does not attract legal penalties. They are meant to serve as a moral guide for citizens.
• Significance of Fundamental Duties: These duties aim to foster a sense of responsibility among citizens and promote national unity and integrity.
• 42nd Amendment Act: This amendment, also known as the "Mini-Constitution," introduced significant changes, including the addition of Fundamental Duties, and emphasized the directive principles of state policy.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. 42^nd.

• Fundamental Duties had been added to the constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.
• All the fundamental duties were incorporated in one article only i.e. Article 51-A.
• It is in Part IV A of the constitution.

Extra facts:

*CAA- Constitutional Amendment Act

The correct answer is Citizens only.

Key Points

• The Fundamental Duties are enshrined under Article 51A of the Indian Constitution.
• These duties are applicable only to citizens of India and not to foreigners.
• The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
• There are currently 11 Fundamental Duties, which highlight moral obligations for citizens to promote a spirit of patriotism and uphold the unity of the nation.
• These duties are non-justiciable, meaning they are not legally enforceable by the courts but are intended to serve as moral and ethical guidelines.

Additional Information

• 42nd Amendment Act, 1976:
  • Known as the "Mini-Constitution," it brought significant changes to the Indian Constitution.
  • It added the Fundamental Duties (Part IVA) and also made changes to the Preamble and Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs).
• Swaran Singh Committee:
  • It was constituted by the Government of India in 1976 to recommend the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Constitution.
  • While the committee recommended 8 duties, 10 were initially adopted, and an 11th duty was added through the 86th Amendment Act, 2002.
• Non-justiciable Nature:
  • Fundamental Duties cannot be enforced by courts, unlike Fundamental Rights, but they serve as a reminder to citizens to act responsibly.
  • The judiciary, however, has referred to these duties in various judgments to emphasize their importance.
• 11 Fundamental Duties:
  • These include respecting the Constitution, the National Flag, and the National Anthem, cherishing the noble ideals of freedom struggle, protecting the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India, and promoting harmony.
  • The 11th duty, added by the 86th Amendment, obligates parents/guardians to provide opportunities for education to their children aged 6-14 years.

The correct answer is H R Gokhale.

Key Points

• H R Gokhale was the Union Minister of Law and Justice at the time of incorporation of the Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution.
• He served as cabinet minister of Law and Justice in the Indira Gandhi government during The Emergency (1975–1977).
• H. R. Gokhale was an Indian politician who was a member of the Indian National Congress from Maharashtra and of the Lok Sabha from Mumbai North West.
• He died at the age of 62 after suffering a heart attack in New Delhi in February 1978.

Additional Information 

• Kengal Hanumanthaiah: Kengel Hanumanthaiah was the second Chief Minister of Mysore State from 30th March 1952 to 19th August 1956. 
• Shiv Shankar: He was made Law Minister in Third Indira Gandhi Ministry in 1980.
• Shanti Bhushan: He served as the Law Minister of India holding office at the Ministry of Law and Justice from 1977 to 1979 in the Morarji Desai Ministry. 

The correct answer is Part III.

Key Points

• Article 32 of the Indian Constitution gives the right to individuals to move to the Supreme Court to seek justice.
• Under Article 32, the parliament can also entrust any other court to exercise the power of the Supreme Court, provided that it is within its Jurisdiction.
• Article 32 is for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
• The nature of the Writ Jurisdiction provided under this Article is discretionary.

• There are five types of Writs as provided under Article 32 of the Constitution:
  • Habeas Corpus.
  • Quo Warranto.
  • Mandamus.
  • Certiorari.
  • Prohibition.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Nomination of Members to Rajya Sabha.

• The procedure for the nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha is borrowed from Ireland.

Key Points

• Canadian Constitution: 
  • Advisory Jurisdiction of Supreme Court.
  • A federal system with a strong center.
  • Residual powers vest at the center.
  • Appointment of State Governors.

Additional Information

Sources of Indian Constitution

The correct answer is the 86^th amendment.

Key Points

• The 86^th amendment to the Constitution of India in 2002, provided the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right in Part-III of the Constitution.
• The amendment inserted Article 21A which made the Right to Education a fundamental right for children between 6-14 years.
• The 86^th amendment provided for follow-up legislation for Right to Education Bill 2008 and finally Right to Education Act, 2009.

The correct answer is Australia.

Key Points

The following things have been borrowed from the Constitution of Australia:

1. Concurrent List.
2. Freedom of trade.
3. Commerce and intercourse.
4. The joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.

Additional Information

• The other borrowed provisions from different countries and details of those are given in below:

The correct answer is Education.

Key Points

• There are six fundamental rights enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the constitution of India.
• Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste or gender.
• Article 21A of the Constitution of India provides the Right to Education.
• The RTE Act of the Parliament of India was enacted on 4 August 2009 and came into force on 1 April 2010.
• The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right.

Additional Information

• The Fundamental Rights enshrined in the Constitution are-

The correct answer is 5.

Important Points

The Right to Equality provides:

• For the equal treatment of everyone before the law
• Prevent discrimination on various grounds
• Treats everybody as equals in matters of public employment  
• Abolish untouchability and titles

The article mentioned under the right to equality

The correct answer is option 4 i.e UK.

• In the Indian constitution, the section on Citizenship draws inspiration from the UK.
• The United Kingdom is the common name of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
• India borrowed many features from different countries while preparing the country's constitution.
  • The constitution of India was adopted by the constituent assembly on 26^th November 1949.
  • The constitution of India came into force on 26^th January 1950.
  • The constituent assembly took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to frame the constitution of India.
• Major features borrowed from the UK are:
  1. Writs.
  2. Single Citizenship.
  3. Office of Comptroller and Auditor General.
  4. Rule of Law.
  5. Parliamentary form of Government.
• Major features borrowed from the USA are:
  1. Preamble.
  2. Judicial Review.
  3. Fundamental Rights.
  4. Impeachment.
  5. Functions of Vice President.
• Major features borrowed from Australia are:
  1. Joint sitting.
  2. Trade and Commerce.
  3. Concurrent list.
• Major features borrowed from France are.
  1. Republic.
  2. Ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.

The correct answer is Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi.

• Kanhaiyalal Maniklal Munshi described the preamble of the Indian Constitution as the 'Political horoscope of the Indian Constitution'.

Additional Information

• The Preamble of the Indian constitution is based on "Objectives Resolution".
• It was drafted and moved by Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru and adopted by the constituent assembly.
• In the historic case of Kesavananda Bharati (1973), Supreme Court held that Preamble is a part of the constitution and can be amended under article 368, subject to the condition that no amendment is done to the "Basic structure".
• The Preamble has been amended only once so far, in 1976 by the 42nd Constitutional amendment Act.
• The term ‘Socialist’, ‘Secular’, and ‘Integrity’ were added to the preamble through 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. 
• ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were added between ‘Sovereign’ and ‘Democratic’.
• ‘Unity of the Nation’ was changed to ‘Unity and Integrity of the Nation’.
• By the 42nd Constitutional amendment act 1976, three new words - Socialist, Secular and Integrity are added to the preamble.

The correct answer is 22.

Important Points

• The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution deals with official languages recognized by the Indian Constitution.
• Currently, 22 languages have been recognized by the Indian constitution.
• They are:

Key Points

How to remember all the schedules: Code for 12 schedules is - TEARS OF OLD PM

1st Schedule: T- Territory,

2nd Schedule: E- Emoluments/salary,

3rd Schedule: A- Affirmation/Oath,

4th Schedule: R- Rajya Sabha,

5th Schedule: S- Scheduled Tribes,

6th Schedule: O- Other Tribes,

7th Schedule: F- Federal (Division Of Powers),

8th Schedule: O- Official Regional Languages,

9th Schedule: L- Land Reform,

10th Schedule: D- Defection (Anti-Defection Law),

11th Schedule: P- Panchayati Raj,

12th Schedule: M- Municipal Corporation

The correct answer is option 3, i.e Directive Principle of State Policy.

Key Points

• Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP):
  • The DPSP is taken from the Irish Constitution.
  • The DPSP is very essential for the social, economical and political development of the country.
  • There are 16 DPSP in our constitution, i.e from articles 36 to 51.
  • The DPSP are non-justiciable in nature.
  • The Directive principle of state policy under article 40, gives details about the formation of Village Panchayat as a unit of self-government.
• Fundamental Rights:
  • The concept of a fundamental right is taken from the American constitution.
  • There are 6 fundamental rights in our constitution.
  • These are justiciable in nature, so one can approach the supreme court in case of violation of their fundamental rights directly.
• Fundamental Duties:
  • The fundamental duties are taken from the USSR constitution.
  • These are recommended after the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee.
  • There are 11 duties provided in the constitution, which citizens must follow as being responsible for the country.