Who is also identified as the author of the Nyaya Sutra?

The correct answer is Gautama.

Key Points

Gautama:

• He founded the Nyaya School.
• This school is based on the philosophy, that believes in the technique of logical thinking to achieve salvation. 
• According to this school of thought acquiring ‘real knowledge’ can only accrue salvation.
• Gautama was also the author of the Nyaya Sutra.

Additional Information

Brihaspati:

• He laid the foundation of Charvaka school.
• The philosophy Finds its mention in the Vedas and Brihadarankya Upanishad.
•  This school mainly propounder of the materialistic view to achieving salvation.
• This Philosophy is basically geared towards the common people, therefore known as Lokayata or something derived from the common people.

Patanjali​:

• Patanjali started Yoga and the school have been expounded in the Yogasutra of Patanjali
• It was started in, the 2nd century BCE.
• This school of Yoga by Patanjali encompasses the physical aspect of this school deals primarily with exercises in various postures

Kapil Muni:

• The oldest school of philosophy and was founded by Kapil Muni, i.e Samkhya Philosophy.
• The word basically ‘Samkhya’ or ‘Sankhya’ literally means ‘count’.
• He has also written Samkhya Sutra.