Which one of the following statements about lysosomes is NOT correct ? 

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NDA-II 2024 (GAT) Official Paper (Held On: 01 Sept, 2024)
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  1. They are waste disposal system of the cell 
  2. They breakdown all inorganic materials 
  3. These are also referred to as “suicidal bags” 
  4. Lysosomes stop entry of foreign materials 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : They breakdown all inorganic materials 
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The correct answer is They breakdown all inorganic materials 

Explanation:

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in animal cells and some plant cells. They contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris. They play a crucial role in the cell's waste disposal system by digesting amaged cell parts, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. Lysosomes are also known as "suicidal bags" because they can digest the cell itself if they burst and release their enzymes into the cytoplasm.

  • They are waste disposal system of the cell: This statement is correct. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
  • They breakdown all inorganic materials: This statement is incorrect. Lysosomes primarily break down organic materials such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. They are not involved in breaking down inorganic materials.
  • These are also referred to as “suicidal bags”: This statement is correct. Lysosomes are called "suicidal bags" because they contain enzymes that can destroy the cell if the lysosomal membrane is damaged, leading to cell death.
  • Lysosomes stop entry of foreign materials: Lysosomes are involved in the breakdown of foreign materials that enter the cell, such as bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, through a process called phagocytosis. However, it is not their primary role to stop the entry of foreign materials; that function is more related to cell membrane and immune responses. Once foreign materials are inside the cell, lysosomes help degrade and eliminate them.
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