Which of the following is the most common omega-3 fatty acid found in vegetable oils, nuts (especially walnuts), flaxseed and leafy vegetables that help prevent heart disease and stroke?

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SSC JE Civil 10 Oct 2023 Shift 3 Official Paper-I
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  1. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
  2. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
  3. Arachidonic acid (ARA)
  4. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Alpha-linolenic Acid (ALA).

Key Points

  • Omega-3 fatty acids are found in foods, such as fish and flaxseed, and in dietary supplements, such as fish oil.
  • The most common omega-3 fatty acid found in vegetable oils, nuts (especially walnuts), flaxseed, and leafy vegetables that help prevent heart disease and stroke is Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA).
  • The three main omega-3 fatty acids are
    • Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
    • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
    • Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
  • Alpha-linolenic acid is found mainly in plant oils such as flaxseed, soybean, and canola oils. 
  • Other sources of Omega-3 fatty acids include walnuts, chia seeds, hemp seeds, edamame, seaweed, and algae.

Additional Information

Benefits of Omega-3 fatty acids:

  • Lower blood pressure
  • Reduce triglycerides
  • Slow the development of plaque in the arteries
  • Reduces the chance of abnormal heart rhythm
  • Reduces the likelihood of heart attack and stroke
  • Lessen the chance of sudden cardiac death in people with heart disease
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