Name the virus spread by mosquitoes that causes inflammation in the brain? 

The correct answer is Japanese encephalitis.

Key Points

• Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the brain.
• The virus is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, primarily the Culex species.
• JE is prevalent in rural and agricultural areas of Asia and the Western Pacific.
• Symptoms of JE include high fever, headache, neck stiffness, disorientation, coma, seizures, and paralysis.
• There is no specific antiviral treatment for JE; supportive care is the primary approach.

Additional Information

• Transmission Cycle
  • The JE virus is maintained in a cycle involving mosquitoes and vertebrate hosts, primarily pigs and wading birds.
  • Humans are incidental hosts and do not contribute to the transmission cycle.
• Vaccination
  • Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent JE.
  • Several types of JE vaccines are available, including inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines.
• Prevention
  • Preventive measures include using mosquito nets, insect repellents, and wearing protective clothing.
  • Control of mosquito populations through environmental management and insecticide use is crucial.
• Global Impact
  • JE is a significant public health issue in many Asian countries, with thousands of cases reported annually.
  • Outbreaks often occur in regions with endemic JE and can lead to high morbidity and mortality rates.