Gout is caused by the buildup of which substance in the blood?

Key Points

• Gout is a form of arthritis characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness in the joints.
• The condition is caused by the buildup of uric acid in the blood, which can form sharp, needle-like urate crystals in a joint or surrounding tissue.
• Uric acid is a waste product found in the blood. It is created when the body breaks down chemicals called purines.
• Purines are found naturally in the body, but they are also present in certain foods and drinks, such as red meat, organ meats, certain seafood, and alcohol.

Additional Information

• Uric Acid:
  • Uric acid is produced during the breakdown of purines, which are found in certain foods and drinks.
  • Most uric acid dissolves in the blood and travels to the kidneys, where it is excreted in urine.
  • High levels of uric acid can occur if the kidneys do not eliminate enough uric acid, or if the body produces too much uric acid.
  • Conditions such as obesity, high blood pressure, chronic kidney disease, and certain medications can contribute to high uric acid levels.
• Purines:
  • Purines are chemical compounds that can be found in certain foods and drinks, as well as being produced naturally by the body.
  • Foods high in purines include red meat, organ meats, certain seafood, and alcoholic beverages.
  • When purines are broken down in the body, they produce uric acid as a waste product.
  • Managing the intake of purine-rich foods can help control uric acid levels and prevent gout attacks.
• Gout Symptoms:
  • Gout typically affects one joint at a time, often the big toe joint.
  • Symptoms include intense joint pain, swelling, redness, and warmth around the affected joint.
  • Gout attacks can occur suddenly and are often very painful, lasting for a few days to weeks.
  • Chronic gout can lead to more frequent attacks and can cause permanent joint damage.
• Managing Gout:
  • Treatment may involve medications to reduce pain and inflammation, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, or corticosteroids.
  • Long-term management may include medications to lower uric acid levels, such as allopurinol or febuxostat.
  • Lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy weight, staying hydrated, and limiting intake of purine-rich foods and alcohol, can help prevent gout attacks.
  • Regular monitoring of uric acid levels and adherence to treatment plans are important for managing gout effectively.