In which year, "the Federal Court of India" was set up as per the provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935?

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Answer 1

The correct answer is 1937.

Key Points

The Federal Court of India was established as per the provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935.
The court officially came into existence on October 1, 1937.
It was the first court with jurisdiction over British India and served as a precursor to the Supreme Court of India.
It had original jurisdiction in disputes between provinces and appellate jurisdiction over decisions of the high courts.
The Federal Court was dissolved when the Supreme Court of India was established in 1950 under the Constitution of India.

Additional Information

Government of India Act, 1935:
- It was the most comprehensive legislation enacted by the British Parliament for India before independence.
- The act introduced provisions for the establishment of a Federal Court, provincial autonomy, and an All-India Federation (though the federation was not implemented).
- This act laid the foundation for many constitutional developments in India post-independence.
Jurisdiction of the Federal Court:
- The Federal Court had the authority to resolve disputes between provinces and the central government.
- It also acted as an appellate court for decisions made by provincial high courts.
- Its jurisdiction was limited to matters specified in the Government of India Act, 1935.
Significance of the Federal Court:
- The Federal Court marked the beginning of a centralized judicial system in India.
- It served as a critical institution for interpreting laws and resolving constitutional disputes during British rule.
- Its establishment was a major step toward the creation of an independent judiciary in India.
Transition to the Supreme Court:
- With the adoption of the Constitution of India on January 26, 1950, the Federal Court was replaced by the Supreme Court of India.
- The Supreme Court inherited much of the jurisdiction and responsibilities of the Federal Court.
- Today, the Supreme Court serves as the highest judicial authority in India.