For a rivetted thin cylindrical shell of internal diameter (d), thickness of shell wall (t) and internal pressure (P) with efficiency of longitudinal joint (η_l); the hoop (tress σ_c) will be given by:

Explanation:

• By thin-walled cylinder, we mean that the thickness ‘t' is very much smaller than the radius Ri and we may quantify this by stating that the ratio t/Ri of the thickness of radius should be less than 0.1.
• In a thin shell circumferential stress is,

\({\sigma _c} = \frac{{Pd}}{{2t}}\;\) 

• The longitudinal stress will be half of the circumferential stress i.e. .

\({\sigma _l} = \frac{{Pd}}{{4t}}\)

• If a thin-walled cylindrical shell is made up of joined riveted, plates then if the efficiency of a longitudinal joint is \({\eta _l}\) the circumferential stress will be

 ​\({\sigma _c} = \frac{{Pd}}{{2t{n_l}}}\;\)

• And if the efficiency of a circumferential joint is \({\eta _c}\) the longitudinal stress will be,

​\({\sigma _l} = \frac{{Pd}}{{4t{n_l}}}\)