An ideal liquid is flowing through a pipe of varying cross section area, the velocity of flowing liquid

CONCEPT:

Equation of continuity:

• According to the principle of continuity, the flow of fluid through a tube of a non-uniform cross-section is always constant.
• The flow of liquid (Q) is the same at every point in the tube.

⇒ Q = Av = const.

⇒ A1v1 = A2v2

where A is the area and v is the velocity.

EXPLANATION:

• The flow of liquid (Q) is the same at every point in the tube.

⇒ Q = Av = const.

⇒ Av = const.

\(⇒ v \propto {1 \over A}\)

• So if the cross-section area of the pipe decreases, the velocity will increase and vice versa. Hence the correct answer is option 2.