Who among the following headed the enquiry Committee on Jalianwala Bagh incident?

The correct answer is Lord Hunter.

Key Points

• Lord Hunter was appointed as the Chairman of the Committee to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919.
• The Hunter Committee was formed by the British Government of India to examine the events and justify the actions of General Dyer.
• The committee included both British and Indian members, but their conclusions were significantly divided.
• The committee condemned General Dyer’s actions but did not take strong punitive measures, causing public outrage in India.

Additional Information

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre: Took place on 13 April 1919, when General Dyer ordered troops to fire on a peaceful gathering in Amritsar, resulting in the death of hundreds of unarmed civilians.
• General Dyer justified his actions as necessary to produce a "moral effect", which shocked and enraged the Indian public and leaders.
• Lord Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India during the incident and later ordered the formation of the enquiry committee.
• The Indian National Congress rejected the findings of the Hunter Committee and carried out its own independent investigation, which strongly criticized Dyer's actions and the British response.
• Rabindranath Tagore returned his knighthood in protest against the massacre, marking a turning point in the national freedom movement.
• The incident led to intensified calls for Swaraj (self-rule) and played a significant role in mobilizing mass resistance against British colonial rule.