Which of the options is true pertaining to the following statements with respect to the periodicity and the states of matter?

i. Matter around us is present in the form of elements, compounds and mixtures.

ii. The elements contain atoms of only one type.

The correct answer is Both options i and ii are correct.

Key Points

• Option i: Matter around us is present in various forms including elements, compounds, and mixtures. Elements are pure substances consisting of only one type of atom, compounds are substances formed from two or more types of atoms chemically combined, and mixtures are combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded.
• Option ii: Elements consist of atoms of only one type. For example, hydrogen (H) contains only hydrogen atoms, and oxygen (O) contains only oxygen atoms.
• Both statements are fundamental principles in chemistry and are universally accepted in scientific communities.
• Understanding the nature of matter helps in the study of material properties and their interactions.

Additional Information

• States of Matter
  • There are mainly four states of matter: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
  • Solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, gases have neither definite shape nor volume, and plasma is an ionized state of matter found in stars.
• Periodic Table
  • The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties.
  • Groups (columns) contain elements with similar properties, and periods (rows) show elements with increasing atomic numbers.
• Compounds and Mixtures
  • Compounds are substances formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
  • Mixtures are physical combinations of two or more substances where each retains its own properties.
  • Examples: Water (H₂O) is a compound, air is a mixture.
• Atomic Structure
  • Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  • The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, and electrons orbit around the nucleus.
  • The number of protons determines the element's identity.