Which of the following is/are the correct components of the "Lion Capital" at Sarnath ?

1. The shaft (stambha-yashti) or the tall tapering column

2. An elliptical top part the abacus, devoid of any carvings 

3. Overflowing inverted petals below the abacus

Select the answer using the code given below:

The correct answer is  1 and 3 only.

Key PointsComponents of the "Lion Capital" at Sarnath

• The Lion Capital, located at Sarnath, is one of the most significant symbols of India's cultural heritage and is also the national emblem of India.
• The capital is made of polished sandstone and was originally erected by Emperor Ashoka during the Maurya dynasty in the 3rd century BCE.
• The structure consists of several components that are integral to its design and symbolism.

• The shaft (stambha-yashti) or the tall tapering column:
  • The shaft is a cylindrical column that supports the abacus and the capital.
  • It is tall and tapering as it rises, providing a sturdy base for the entire structure.
  • The shaft is often inscribed with edicts and proclamations from Emperor Ashoka, emphasizing its historical significance.
  • Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• An elliptical top part the abacus, devoid of any carvings:
  • The abacus is actually known for its intricate carvings and decorations.
  • It features four lions standing back to back, along with carvings of wheels (Ashoka Chakra) and animals like bulls, elephants, and horses.
  • Therefore, the statement that the abacus is devoid of any carvings is incorrect.
  • Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• Overflowing inverted petals below the abacus:
  • Below the abacus, there are indeed inverted petals, often referred to as lotus petals.
  • These petals symbolize purity and enlightenment and are a crucial part of the design.
  • The inverted petals overflow beneath the abacus, adding to the aesthetic appeal of the capital.
  • Hence, statement 3 is correct.

Additional Information

• The Lion Capital is not just a historical monument but also a symbol of India's sovereignty and secularism.
• The four lions symbolize power, courage, confidence, and pride.
• The Ashoka Chakra with its 24 spokes represents the eternal wheel of law (Dharma).
• The National Emblem of India, adapted from the Lion Capital, incorporates these elements to symbolize the nation's values and principles.
• The original Lion Capital is preserved in the Sarnath Museum, while replicas and adaptations are used in various governmental symbols and documents.