When an inductive load is connected, the power factor is:

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ALP CBT 2 Electrician Previous Paper: Held on 22 Jan 2019 Shift 2
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  1. Unity
  2. Infinite
  3. Lagging
  4. Leading

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Lagging
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  • The overall power factor is defined as the cosine of the angle between the phase voltage and phase current. 
  • In AC circuits, the power factor is also defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit. 
  • Hence power factor can be defined as watts to volt-amperes.

          Power factor = cos ϕ

          ϕ is the angle between the voltage and the current.

  • For a purely resistive circuit, the angle between the voltage and current is 0°

          So power factor for a purely resistive circuit is:

          P.F. = cos 0° 

          P.F. = 1 (unity)

  • In a purely inductive circuit, the current lags the voltage by 90° and the power factor is zero lagging
  • In a purely capacitive circuit, the current leads the voltage by 90° and the power factor is zero leading
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