What is the main disadvantage of thermal power plant? 

The correct answer is option 2):(Huge emission of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.)

Concept:

Thermal Power Plant (Steam Power Station):

• It converts the heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy.
• A steam power station basically works on the Rankine cycle. Steam is produced in the boiler by utilizing the heat of coal combustion.
• The steam is then expanded in the prime mover (i.e., steam turbine) and is condensed in a condenser to be fed into the boiler again.
• The steam turbine drives the alternator which converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy.
• This type of power station is suitable where coal and water are available in abundance and a large amount of electric power is to be generated.

Advantages:

• The fuel (i.e., coal) used is quite inexpensive.
• Less initial cost as compared to other generating stations.
• Less space is required as compared to hydropower plants.
• It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence of coal.
• The coal can be transported to the site of the plant by rail or road.
• It requires less space as compared to the hydroelectric power station.
• The cost of generation is lesser than that of the diesel power station.
• The power plant is able to withhold the changing rapid load.
• Disadvantages:

​​​ It pollutes the atmosphere due to the production of a large a

mount of smoke and fumes.