Question
Download Solution PDFThe Rutherford nuclear model of atom predicts that atoms are unstable because the accelerated electrons revolving around the nucleus must be ______ in the nucleus.
This question was previously asked in
RPF Constable 2024 Official Paper (Held On 03 Mar, 2025 Shift 1)
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Option 1 : spiral
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Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is spiral.
Key Points
- The Rutherford nuclear model predicts that electrons revolve around the nucleus in orbits due to electrostatic forces.
- According to classical electromagnetic theory, an accelerating electron would emit radiation, losing energy in the process.
- This energy loss would cause the electron to spiral inwards towards the nucleus.
- As the electron spirals inwards, it would eventually collide with the nucleus, leading to the instability of the atom.
- This instability, predicted by the Rutherford model, contradicts the observed stability of atoms.
Additional Information
- Rutherford's Nuclear Model
- Proposed by Ernest Rutherford in 1911 based on the gold foil experiment.
- Suggested that most of the atom's mass is concentrated in a small, positively charged nucleus.
- Electrons revolve around this nucleus similar to planets orbiting the sun.
- Classical Electromagnetic Theory
- States that any charged particle undergoing acceleration emits electromagnetic radiation.
- This emission of radiation causes the particle to lose energy.
- Niels Bohr's Model
- Proposed in 1913 to address the limitations of Rutherford's model.
- Introduced the concept of quantized electron orbits where electrons do not radiate energy while in these stable orbits.
- Quantum Mechanics
- Further developed the understanding of atomic structure and electron behavior.
- Explains the stability of atoms through principles such as wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle.
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