The ‘π (Pi) Model’ or the ‘T Model’ is commonly used to represent which type of transmission line?

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RRB JE EE 22 Apr 2025 Shift 1 CBT 2 Official Paper
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  1. Medium transmission line (80 km to 160 km)
  2. Long transmission line (more than 160 km) 
  3. Ultra-high voltage transmission line (above 1000 km)
  4. Short transmission line (less than 80 km)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Medium transmission line (80 km to 160 km)
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Short transmission lines (less than 80 km) neglect the effect of capacitance.
Long transmission lines (more than 160 km) require distributed parameter models.
However, for medium transmission lines, both resistance and reactance are lumped, and capacitance is represented either at the middle (T model) or ends (π model). Hence, the π or T model is ideal for medium-length lines.
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