The main threat faced by the Small Island States, which is raising international concerns is primarily with which of the following?

The correct answer is Sea level rise.

Key Points

• Small Island States face a significant threat from rising sea levels due to climate change.
• Sea level rise can lead to coastal erosion, flooding, and the loss of habitable land.
• Many Small Island States are low-lying, making them particularly vulnerable to even small increases in sea level.
• The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that global sea levels have risen by about 15 cm during the 20th century and are projected to continue rising.
• Sea level rise also threatens freshwater resources on these islands due to saltwater intrusion.

Additional Information

• Climate Change
  • Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other aspects of the Earth's climate system.
  • It is primarily caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes that release greenhouse gases.
  • Climate change impacts include more frequent and severe weather events, changing wildlife habitats, and rising sea levels.
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
  • The IPCC is an international body for assessing the science related to climate change.
  • It was established in 1988 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
  • The IPCC provides policymakers with regular scientific assessments on climate change, its impacts, and potential future risks.
• Coastal Erosion
  • Coastal erosion is the process of coastal land being worn away by the action of waves, currents, tides, and human activities.
  • It can lead to the loss of habitats, infrastructure, and land, impacting local communities and economies.
  • Strategies to mitigate coastal erosion include the construction of seawalls, beach nourishment, and the restoration of coastal vegetation.
• Saltwater Intrusion
  • Saltwater intrusion is the movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers, which can contaminate drinking water sources and agricultural irrigation.
  • This phenomenon is often exacerbated by sea level rise and excessive groundwater pumping.
  • Preventative measures include reducing groundwater extraction and implementing barriers to block saltwater from entering freshwater sources.