The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 categorised industries into how many groups? 

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RRB JE CE 22 Apr 2025 Shift 2 CBT 2 Official Paper
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  1. Seven
  2.  Three
  3. Five
  4. Nine

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 :  Three
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The correct answer is Three.

Key Points

  • The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 categorised industries into three groups, referred to as Schedule A, Schedule B, and Schedule C.
  • Schedule A: Included industries exclusively owned and operated by the state, such as atomic energy, railways, and defense production.
  • Schedule B: Included industries where the state would play a dominant role, but private enterprises were also allowed to supplement efforts.
  • Schedule C: Consisted of all remaining industries, which were left to be operated by private enterprises with state regulation and support.
  • The resolution aimed to establish a socialistic pattern of society by emphasizing the public sector's role in the economy.

Additional Information

  • Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956:
    • This resolution was a significant step towards shaping India's industrial framework and marked a shift towards a planned economy.
    • It emphasized the public sector's role in commanding heights of the economy while supporting the private sector for balanced development.
  • Socialistic Pattern of Society:
    • The resolution aimed to reduce income inequalities, eliminate exploitation, and achieve equitable distribution of wealth and resources.
    • The concept was inspired by Nehru's vision of a mixed economy, balancing socialism and capitalism.
  • Mixed Economy:
    • India adopted a mixed economy model, allowing both public and private sectors to coexist while the government regulated essential industries.
    • This framework sought to combine the efficiency of the private sector with the social welfare focus of the public sector.
  • Impact of the 1956 Resolution:
    • The resolution led to the establishment of key public sector enterprises (PSUs) like steel plants, power projects, and heavy engineering industries.
    • It served as the foundation for India's industrial policies until the economic liberalization reforms of 1991.

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