The _________ of Thermodynamics is simply the general law of conservation of energy applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account.

CONCEPT:

• Zeroth law of thermodynamics: If two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

• The first law of thermodynamics: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only change forms. In any process, the total energy of the universe remains the same.

For a thermodynamic cycle, the net heat supplied to the system equals the net work done by the system.

δQ = ΔU + δW

There are two statements of the second law of thermodynamics:

• Clausius statement: It is impossible to construct a system that will operate in a cycle, transfers heat from the low-temperature reservoir (or object) to the high-temperature reservoir (or object) without any external effect or work interaction with the surrounding.
• Kelvin-Planck statement: It is impossible for any device that operates on a cycle to receive heat from a single reservoir and produce a net amount of work

EXPLANATION:

• The first law of Thermodynamics is simply the general law of conservation of energy applied to any system in which the energy transfer from or to the surroundings is taken into account. So option 3 is correct.