Penman's equation is based on 

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BPSC AE Paper 6 (Civil) 11 Nov 2022 Official Paper
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  1. energy budgeting and water budgeting
  2. energy budgeting and mass transfer
  3. water budgeting and mass transfer
  4. energy budgeting only

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : energy budgeting and mass transfer
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Explanation:

Evapotranspiration Equation:

There are large number of evapotranspiration equations available, they are purely empirical and not theoretical. The most used equation is Penman's Equation.

Penman's Equation:

Penman's equation is based on sound theoretical reasoning and is obtained by combination of energy and mass transfer approach.

\(PET = \frac{{A{H_n} + {E_a}γ }}{{Aγ }}\)

PET = Daily potential evapotranspiration (in mm per day)

A = Slope of the saturation vapour pressure vs. temperature curve at the mean air temperature (in mm of Hg per °C)

Hn = Net radiation

Ea = Parameter including wind velocity and saturation deficit.

γ = Psychromrtic constant = 0.49 mm of Hg/°C 

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