In case of staggered or zigzag riveting in the design of tension members of steel structures, the net cross-sectional area along the chains of rivets is:

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  1. increased by an amount equal to \(\rm \frac{s^2t}{8g}\)
  2. increased by an amount equal to \(\rm \frac{s^2t}{4g}\)
  3. decreased by an amount equal to \(\rm \frac{s^2t}{4g}\)
  4. decreased by an amount equal to \(\rm \frac{s^2t}{8g}\)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : increased by an amount equal to \(\rm \frac{s^2t}{4g}\)
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Detailed Solution

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Explanation:

In double cover butt joint, the bolts or rivets can be placed in the following manner:

1. In multiple rows having zero staggered pitch called chain riveting as shown in the following figure:

qImage657c3303f272959c3e3e3108

2. In multiple rows having either non-uniform pitch or having staggered pitch i.e. bolts are placed in a zig-zag pattern as shown below:

qImage657c3304f272959c3e3e310d

As per IS 800:2007, the tensile strength based on the rupture of the net section of the plate is given
as:

\(\begin{aligned} & T_n=\frac{0.9 f_u A_{\text {net }}}{\gamma} \\ & A_{\text {net }}=\left\{B-n d_n+\sum\left(\frac{s^2}{4g}\right)\right\} \times t \end{aligned}\)
Where,
fu  = Ultimate strength of the plate
A  = Minimum net area of the section
γ = Factor of safety for plate

t is the thickness of the plate joined.
d  is the diameter of the hole
s is staggered pitch, g is gauge distance, b is the width of the plate
To calculate Anet, all possible failure paths (straight as well as zig-zag) are required to be considered and the corresponding net area is to be computed for each possible failure path and the minimum net area is to be selected.

It is clear from the above formula that Anet in staggered riveting is increased by an amount equal to \(\rm \frac{s^2t}{4g}\)

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