After the death of Shri Guru Gobind Singh, the Sikhs revolted against the _______ under the leadership of Banda Bahadur. 

The correct answer is Mughals.

Key Points

• After the death of Shri Guru Gobind Singh, the Sikhs revolted against the Mughals under the leadership of Banda Bahadur. 
• After Guru Gobind Singh's death, the institution of Guruship came to an end and the leadership of the Sikhs passed to his trusted disciple Banda Singh Bahadur.
• Banda Singh Bahadur was a Sikh warrior & a commander of the Khalsa army.
• Since creating his Khalsa rule in Punjab, Banda Singh Bahadur had abolished the zamindari regime & had given "property rights" to the land tiller.
• Banda Singh had rallied together with the lower castes & peasants of Punjab from "Delhi to Lahore" and had undertaken a vigorous "unequal struggle" against the army of Mughals for almost 8  years.
• However, in the year 1715, he was captured and put to death. 
• There are many reasons for his failure. One, the Mughal army was very strong, and second, the upper castes & classes of Punjab had joined forces against Banda Singh Bahadur because of his campaign for the rural poor & the lower castes.

Additional Information

• Gurus of Sikh-
  1. Guru Nanak - founder of Sikhism
  2. Guru Angad
  3. Guru Amar Das
  4. Guru Ram Das
  5. Guru Arjan 
  6. Guru Hargobind
  7. Guru Har Rai
  8. Guru Har Krishan
  9. Guru Tegh Bahadur
  10. Guru Gobind Singh - introduced Khalsa, 'five Ks', proclaimed Guru Granth Sahib as the future and final Guru