Kingdom Protista MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Kingdom Protista - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv.

Explanation:

• Protozoans are members of the kingdom Protista.
• It is heterotroph and parasitic.

Amoeboid protozoans:

• It is marine or freshwater living.
• It consists of the deposition of silica shells in marine form.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet) as in Amoeba.
• Entamoeba and amoeba are examples.

Ciliated protozoans:

• It is aquatic.
• Its body is covered by cilia. They have a cavity (gullet) that opens to the outside of the cell surface.
• Paramoecium is its example.

Flagellated protozoans:

• It is free-living or parasitic.
• It has flagella for locomotion.
• The parasitic forms cause diaseases such as sleeping sickness. Example: Trypanosoma.

Sporozoan:

• It is a parasite.
• It has a spore-like infective stage.
• Plasmodium is an example.

The correct answer is Some are photosynthetic

Explanation:

• Chrysophytes includes diatoms and golden algae (desmids).
• They are found in fresh water as well as in marine environments.
• They are microscopic and float passively in water currents (plankton).
• Most of them are photosynthetic.
• In diatoms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soap box. The walls are embedded with silica and thus the walls are indestructible. Thus, diatoms have left behind large amount of cell wall deposits in their habitat; this accumulation over billions of years is referred to as ‘diatomaceous earth’.
• Diatoms are the chief ‘producers’ in the oceans.

Key Points

• Amoeba belongs to the Kingdom Protista.
• It is a eukaryotic unicellular, heterotrophic, highly motile, and freshwater habitat protozoa.
• They have no definite cell shape.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet).
• Pseudopodia are also used as locomotory organs.

Important Points

• Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as Endocytosis.
• Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells ingest food particles by engulfing them.
• Endocytosis includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia to facilitate the endocytosis process.
• Endocytosis depicts how small food particles are engulfed by first generating an invagination around them followed by a small vesicle. 
• The food particle is subsequently released inside the cell once the vesicle is broken.
• The flexible cell membrane and pseudopodia play a significant role in this process.

Additional Information

• Exocytosis-
  • ​It is an active transport and bulk transport mechanism.
  • Exocytosis is the process of transporting particles or cell debris from inside the cell to the external part of the cell by using energy.
• Plasmolysis-
  • ​When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell will lose water because of exosmosis and it will shrink, this process is known as plasmolysis.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Endocytosis.

Key Points

• Amoeba belongs to the Kingdom Protista.
• It is a eukaryotic unicellular, heterotrophic, highly motile, and freshwater habitat protozoa.
• They have no definite cell shape.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet).
• Pseudopodia are also used as locomotory organs.

Important Points

• Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as Endocytosis.
• Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells ingest food particles by engulfing them.
• Endocytosis includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia to facilitate the endocytosis process.
• Endocytosis depicts how small food particles are engulfed by first generating an invagination around them followed by a small vesicle. 
• The food particle is subsequently released inside the cell once the vesicle is broken.
• The flexible cell membrane and pseudopodia play a significant role in this process.

Additional Information

• Exocytosis-
  • ​It is an active transport and bulk transport mechanism.
  • Exocytosis is the process of transporting particles or cell debris from inside the cell to the external part of the cell by using energy.
• Plasmolysis-
  • ​When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell will lose water because of exosmosis and it will shrink, this process is known as plasmolysis.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Endocytosis.

Key Points

• Amoeba belongs to the Kingdom Protista.
• It is a eukaryotic unicellular, heterotrophic, highly motile, and freshwater habitat protozoa.
• They have no definite cell shape.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet).
• Pseudopodia are also used as locomotory organs.

Important Points

• Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as Endocytosis.
• Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells ingest food particles by engulfing them.
• Endocytosis includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia to facilitate the endocytosis process.
• Endocytosis depicts how small food particles are engulfed by first generating an invagination around them followed by a small vesicle. 
• The food particle is subsequently released inside the cell once the vesicle is broken.
• The flexible cell membrane and pseudopodia play a significant role in this process.

Additional Information

• Exocytosis-
  • ​It is an active transport and bulk transport mechanism.
  • Exocytosis is the process of transporting particles or cell debris from inside the cell to the external part of the cell by using energy.
• Plasmolysis-
  • ​When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell will lose water because of exosmosis and it will shrink, this process is known as plasmolysis.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Endocytosis.

Key Points

• Diatomite is a powdery substance almost entirely composed of silica.
• It is a non-metallic mineral and is formed by diatoms.
• Diatoms belong to the Kingdom Protista.
• These organisms are unicellular, photosynthetic, and marine.
• These are phytoplanktons.
• The cell wall of diatoms is made up of silica and the cell wall has stiff cellulose plates on the outer surface.
• In diatoms, the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soapbox. 

Explanation:

• Lichen is a symbiotic association between algae or cyanobacteria and fungi.
• The algal component is known as phycobiont and the fungal component is mycobiont.
• In this mutualistic relationship, both partners are benefitted.
• Algae prepare food for fungi and fungi provide shelter and absorb mineral nutrients and water for their partner.
• Lichens are very good pollution indicators, they do not grow in polluted areas.
• Diatomites do not obtain from the hard cell wall of lichens.

Additional Information

• Due to the presence of silica, the shells of diatoms are highly resistant to decomposition and are deposited on ocean bottoms leading to the formation of diatomaceous earth.
• As diatomites are non-metallic minerals thus poor conductors of heat.
• These are used in the manufacture of fire bricks, dynamite, paints, and cosmetics.
• In the presence of 80-90% of silica, diatomites are porous, insoluble, and chemically inert. 
• Diatomites are also used as a polishing material and used for the filtering process.

​Hence, the correct option is (4) Obtained from the hard cell wall of lichens.

Key Points

• All single-celled eukaryotes are placed under Protista. It can be broadly classified into 5 types: Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates, Euglenoids, Slime molds, and Protozoans
• This kingdom forms a link with the others dealing with plants, animals, and fungi.
• Being eukaryotes, the protistan cell body contains a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Some have flagella or cilia.
• Protists reproduce asexually and sexually by a process involving cell fusion and zygote formation

• Dinoflagellate belongs to the kingdom Protista.
• It is a unicellular eukaryote.
• It lives in water, land, and as a parasite.
• Dinoflagellate is marine and photosynthetic.
• It bears two cilia, one lies longitudinally and the other transversely in a furrow between the wall plates.
• It causes red tides in the sea.
• It releases toxins, and thus the organisms inhabiting the areas die.
• Gonyaulax is an example.
• The correct answer is Option 4: (a),(b), and (c) only.

Concept:

• The uriniferous tubule also known as nephrons or kidney tubules helps in excretion and osmoregulation.
• The contractile vacuole helps in excretion and osmoregulation in most of Protista.

​Explanation:

• Osmoregulation is the maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentration.
• In protozoans like Amoeba & Paramecium, osmoregulation occurs through the Contractile vacuole.
• The function of a contractile vacuole in protozoan is to expel excess water via diffusion.
• Contractile vacuoles protect a cell from absorbing too much water and potentially exploding by excreting excess water.

So, the correct answer is option 2: Uriniferous tubules.

Key Points

• Amoeba belongs to the Kingdom Protista.
• It is a eukaryotic unicellular, heterotrophic, highly motile, and freshwater habitat protozoa.
• They have no definite cell shape.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet).
• Pseudopodia are also used as locomotory organs.

Important Points

• Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as Endocytosis.
• Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells ingest food particles by engulfing them.
• Endocytosis includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia to facilitate the endocytosis process.
• Endocytosis depicts how small food particles are engulfed by first generating an invagination around them followed by a small vesicle. 
• The food particle is subsequently released inside the cell once the vesicle is broken.
• The flexible cell membrane and pseudopodia play a significant role in this process.

Additional Information

• Exocytosis-
  • ​It is an active transport and bulk transport mechanism.
  • Exocytosis is the process of transporting particles or cell debris from inside the cell to the external part of the cell by using energy.
• Plasmolysis-
  • ​When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell will lose water because of exosmosis and it will shrink, this process is known as plasmolysis.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Endocytosis.

The correct answer is Some are photosynthetic

Explanation:

• Chrysophytes includes diatoms and golden algae (desmids).
• They are found in fresh water as well as in marine environments.
• They are microscopic and float passively in water currents (plankton).
• Most of them are photosynthetic.
• In diatoms the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soap box. The walls are embedded with silica and thus the walls are indestructible. Thus, diatoms have left behind large amount of cell wall deposits in their habitat; this accumulation over billions of years is referred to as ‘diatomaceous earth’.
• Diatoms are the chief ‘producers’ in the oceans.

Key Points

• Diatomite is a powdery substance almost entirely composed of silica.
• It is a non-metallic mineral and is formed by diatoms.
• Diatoms belong to the Kingdom Protista.
• These organisms are unicellular, photosynthetic, and marine.
• These are phytoplanktons.
• The cell wall of diatoms is made up of silica and the cell wall has stiff cellulose plates on the outer surface.
• In diatoms, the cell walls form two thin overlapping shells, which fit together as in a soapbox. 

Explanation:

• Lichen is a symbiotic association between algae or cyanobacteria and fungi.
• The algal component is known as phycobiont and the fungal component is mycobiont.
• In this mutualistic relationship, both partners are benefitted.
• Algae prepare food for fungi and fungi provide shelter and absorb mineral nutrients and water for their partner.
• Lichens are very good pollution indicators, they do not grow in polluted areas.
• Diatomites do not obtain from the hard cell wall of lichens.

Additional Information

• Due to the presence of silica, the shells of diatoms are highly resistant to decomposition and are deposited on ocean bottoms leading to the formation of diatomaceous earth.
• As diatomites are non-metallic minerals thus poor conductors of heat.
• These are used in the manufacture of fire bricks, dynamite, paints, and cosmetics.
• In the presence of 80-90% of silica, diatomites are porous, insoluble, and chemically inert. 
• Diatomites are also used as a polishing material and used for the filtering process.

​Hence, the correct option is (4) Obtained from the hard cell wall of lichens.

The correct answer is a-ii, b-i, c-iii, d-iv.

Explanation:

• Protozoans are members of the kingdom Protista.
• It is heterotroph and parasitic.

Amoeboid protozoans:

• It is marine or freshwater living.
• It consists of the deposition of silica shells in marine form.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet) as in Amoeba.
• Entamoeba and amoeba are examples.

Ciliated protozoans:

• It is aquatic.
• Its body is covered by cilia. They have a cavity (gullet) that opens to the outside of the cell surface.
• Paramoecium is its example.

Flagellated protozoans:

• It is free-living or parasitic.
• It has flagella for locomotion.
• The parasitic forms cause diaseases such as sleeping sickness. Example: Trypanosoma.

Sporozoan:

• It is a parasite.
• It has a spore-like infective stage.
• Plasmodium is an example.

Key Points

• Amoeba belongs to the Kingdom Protista.
• It is a eukaryotic unicellular, heterotrophic, highly motile, and freshwater habitat protozoa.
• They have no definite cell shape.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet).
• Pseudopodia are also used as locomotory organs.

Important Points

• Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as Endocytosis.
• Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells ingest food particles by engulfing them.
• Endocytosis includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia to facilitate the endocytosis process.
• Endocytosis depicts how small food particles are engulfed by first generating an invagination around them followed by a small vesicle. 
• The food particle is subsequently released inside the cell once the vesicle is broken.
• The flexible cell membrane and pseudopodia play a significant role in this process.

Additional Information

• Exocytosis-
  • ​It is an active transport and bulk transport mechanism.
  • Exocytosis is the process of transporting particles or cell debris from inside the cell to the external part of the cell by using energy.
• Plasmolysis-
  • ​When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell will lose water because of exosmosis and it will shrink, this process is known as plasmolysis.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Endocytosis.

Key Points

• Amoeba belongs to the Kingdom Protista.
• It is a eukaryotic unicellular, heterotrophic, highly motile, and freshwater habitat protozoa.
• They have no definite cell shape.
• They move and capture their prey by putting out pseudopodia (false feet).
• Pseudopodia are also used as locomotory organs.

Important Points

• Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed as Endocytosis.
• Endocytosis refers to the process by which cells ingest food particles by engulfing them.
• Endocytosis includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
• Amoeba uses pseudopodia to facilitate the endocytosis process.
• Endocytosis depicts how small food particles are engulfed by first generating an invagination around them followed by a small vesicle. 
• The food particle is subsequently released inside the cell once the vesicle is broken.
• The flexible cell membrane and pseudopodia play a significant role in this process.

Additional Information

• Exocytosis-
  • ​It is an active transport and bulk transport mechanism.
  • Exocytosis is the process of transporting particles or cell debris from inside the cell to the external part of the cell by using energy.
• Plasmolysis-
  • ​When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell will lose water because of exosmosis and it will shrink, this process is known as plasmolysis.

Hence, the correct option is (2) Endocytosis.