Infancy MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Infancy - Download Free PDF

The early stages of life are categorized based on the age of the infant. Each stage has its own distinct characteristics and developmental milestones.

• The term used for a newborn is crucial in understanding the medical and developmental context during this period.

Key Points

• A 10-day infant is called a neonate.
• The neonatal period refers to the first 28 days of life, where the baby undergoes significant changes and adapts to life outside the womb.
• This phase includes rapid physical growth, the development of reflexes, and the establishment of essential functions such as feeding and breathing.

Hint

• Child refers to a broader age group, typically older than infancy.
• Abnormal child is a term used for children with physical or developmental disabilities, which does not apply to a typical 10-day-old infant.

​Hence, the correct answer is 'Neonate'.

The height of a neonate (newborn) is an important measure used to evaluate the health and development of a baby at birth.

• Average birth length varies slightly, depending on factors like gestational age and genetics, but typical neonate height ranges are well-documented.

Key Points

• The average height of a neonate at the time of birth is generally around 19-21 inches.
• Among the provided options, the most accurate is 20'5 inches.
• This length is typical for a full-term infant and falls within the normal range for newborns.

Hence, the correct answer is '20'5 inches'.

Motor development in neonates refers to the development of motor skills, which include both voluntary and involuntary movements.

• In newborns, motor development is primarily driven by reflex actions and basic involuntary movements, which gradually evolve into more coordinated voluntary actions as the child grows.

Key Points

• Motor development in neonates is mainly related to reflex action and involuntary action.
• At birth, babies exhibit a range of reflexes such as the rooting reflex (turning the head toward a touch on the cheek) and grasping reflex (grasping an object placed in the hand).
• These reflexes are automatic and help the baby respond to stimuli. Involuntary actions are also present, such as automatic body movements that occur without conscious control, like muscle spasms or jerks.
• As the baby grows, these reflexes are gradually replaced by more voluntary, controlled movements.

Hint

• Differentiation refers to the process of cells or structures becoming more specialized, which is part of overall developmental processes but not specifically related to motor development in neonates.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Reflex Action & Involuntary Action'.

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that is crucial for transporting oxygen throughout the body.

• In newborns, the level of hemoglobin can vary depending on factors such as gestational age and overall health.
• Understanding normal hemoglobin levels in newborns is important for assessing their health and development.

Key Points

• In newborns, the typical range of hemoglobin levels is generally between 17 to 19 grams per deciliter.
• This higher level of hemoglobin is necessary to support the infant's oxygen transport needs, particularly after birth when the baby transitions from receiving oxygen through the placenta to breathing independently.
• Newborns typically have higher hemoglobin levels compared to adults due to their adaptation to the intrauterine environment.

Hence, the correct answer is '17-19 Gram'.

Neonates, or newborn infants, experience a range of basic emotions that are closely linked to their survival and early development.

Key Points

• The emotions of a neonate primarily include anger, fear, and love.
• These emotional responses are often expressed through crying or facial expressions, and they serve essential purposes for the infant's survival and development:
• Anger can be seen when a neonate is uncomfortable, hungry, or in pain.
• Fear may manifest as a response to unfamiliar stimuli or a sense of insecurity, such as when a neonate feels separated from their caregiver.
• Love is experienced through attachment, particularly to the primary caregiver, and is shown through behaviors like seeking closeness and comfort.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Anger, Fear, love'.

Infants recognize faces differently than older children and adults. An infant in the early stages understands the world around him only through his senses.

Key Points

• Infant normally has information from all of their senses to help with identification.
• Piaget called infancy the Sensorimotor stage as the child's senses are involved in acquiring information.
• Emily W. Bushnell in his article  "Infants preferences for familiarity and novelty during the course of visual processing" estimates that 11–12 hours of experience is enough for a newborn to develop a preference for seeing the mother's face.

Hence । and II both are correct with reference to the recognition of people by children. Option 1 is the correct answer.

All newborn babies, from 32 weeks gestation onwards, have 6 different states of arousal that they fluctuate between. There are 3 different states of sleep as well as 3 states of alertness. The six states of arousal in infancy are deep sleep, light sleep, drowsiness, quiet alert, active alert, and crying.

Key Points

• Deep sleep - The infant lies quietly, breathes deeply and regularly with closed eyes and no movement of the body. The infant may have brief startles but will not rouse.
• Light sleep - The infant sleeps with their eyes closed but moves them slowly in a circular motion when startled by noises.
• Drowsiness -
  • This is the stage between waking and sleeping when your baby will be stirring, may well be moving their limbs and opening and closing their eyes. 
  • Babies in this stage are somewhat active and may be stimulated to become more aware and receptive. Their eyes may open and close, but they appear glazed in appearance. 
• Quiet alert - During a quiet alert phase your baby will be lying calmly and absorbing the world around them. They maintain this period only briefly. They may watch you intently and enjoy looking at you, being held by you, hearing your voice, and smelling you nearby.
• Active alert - Eyes are generally open with more body movement and activity. Babies may fuss and make some noises and may communicate needs such as tiredness wanting to feed or needing a break from the interaction.
• Crying - Crying is a baby’s main method of communication and whilst unpleasant for you is not always a sign of distress for your baby. Your baby can cry to tell you they are hungry, they need their nappy changed, they want to be picked up, or just that they are tired.

Hence, we conclude that in the context of states of Arousal in infancy, only I state is correctly matched with their movements.

Infancy is the stage from birth to around 2 years of age.

 Key PointsInfancy is characterized by several key features:

• Mental Activities: Infants begin to develop basic cognitive functions, such as recognizing faces, responding to sounds, and learning simple cause-and-effect relationships.
• Dependency on Others: Infants are completely dependent on caregivers for food, protection, and emotional support.
• Dispose of Emotions: Infants express emotions openly, such as crying when uncomfortable or smiling when happy.

Thus, it is concluded that all of the above is the correct answer.

The early stages of life are categorized based on the age of the infant. Each stage has its own distinct characteristics and developmental milestones.

• The term used for a newborn is crucial in understanding the medical and developmental context during this period.

Key Points

• A 10-day infant is called a neonate.
• The neonatal period refers to the first 28 days of life, where the baby undergoes significant changes and adapts to life outside the womb.
• This phase includes rapid physical growth, the development of reflexes, and the establishment of essential functions such as feeding and breathing.

Hint

• Child refers to a broader age group, typically older than infancy.
• Abnormal child is a term used for children with physical or developmental disabilities, which does not apply to a typical 10-day-old infant.

​Hence, the correct answer is 'Neonate'.

The height of a neonate (newborn) is an important measure used to evaluate the health and development of a baby at birth.

• Average birth length varies slightly, depending on factors like gestational age and genetics, but typical neonate height ranges are well-documented.

Key Points

• The average height of a neonate at the time of birth is generally around 19-21 inches.
• Among the provided options, the most accurate is 20'5 inches.
• This length is typical for a full-term infant and falls within the normal range for newborns.

Hence, the correct answer is '20'5 inches'.

Motor development in neonates refers to the development of motor skills, which include both voluntary and involuntary movements.

• In newborns, motor development is primarily driven by reflex actions and basic involuntary movements, which gradually evolve into more coordinated voluntary actions as the child grows.

Key Points

• Motor development in neonates is mainly related to reflex action and involuntary action.
• At birth, babies exhibit a range of reflexes such as the rooting reflex (turning the head toward a touch on the cheek) and grasping reflex (grasping an object placed in the hand).
• These reflexes are automatic and help the baby respond to stimuli. Involuntary actions are also present, such as automatic body movements that occur without conscious control, like muscle spasms or jerks.
• As the baby grows, these reflexes are gradually replaced by more voluntary, controlled movements.

Hint

• Differentiation refers to the process of cells or structures becoming more specialized, which is part of overall developmental processes but not specifically related to motor development in neonates.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Reflex Action & Involuntary Action'.

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that is crucial for transporting oxygen throughout the body.

• In newborns, the level of hemoglobin can vary depending on factors such as gestational age and overall health.
• Understanding normal hemoglobin levels in newborns is important for assessing their health and development.

Key Points

• In newborns, the typical range of hemoglobin levels is generally between 17 to 19 grams per deciliter.
• This higher level of hemoglobin is necessary to support the infant's oxygen transport needs, particularly after birth when the baby transitions from receiving oxygen through the placenta to breathing independently.
• Newborns typically have higher hemoglobin levels compared to adults due to their adaptation to the intrauterine environment.

Hence, the correct answer is '17-19 Gram'.

Neonates, or newborn infants, experience a range of basic emotions that are closely linked to their survival and early development.

Key Points

• The emotions of a neonate primarily include anger, fear, and love.
• These emotional responses are often expressed through crying or facial expressions, and they serve essential purposes for the infant's survival and development:
• Anger can be seen when a neonate is uncomfortable, hungry, or in pain.
• Fear may manifest as a response to unfamiliar stimuli or a sense of insecurity, such as when a neonate feels separated from their caregiver.
• Love is experienced through attachment, particularly to the primary caregiver, and is shown through behaviors like seeking closeness and comfort.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Anger, Fear, love'.

Mass activity and specific activity are terms used to describe the motor activities that occur during early human development.

• These activities involve large-scale bodily movements (mass activity) and more specific, refined motor skills (specific activity). 

Key Points

• Mass activity and specific activity are primarily associated with neonates, which refers to newborns within the first 28 days of life.
• During this period, neonates show a variety of reflexive and involuntary movements, and their motor activity begins to emerge, although it is still rudimentary.
• These reflexes and basic movements are the foundation for more controlled motor functions that develop later in infancy and beyond.

Hint

• While infancy is a stage where motor skills develop significantly, it is the neonatal stage that marks the onset of mass and specific motor activities, even though they are still basic.
• Babyhood refers to a stage just after infancy, where motor skills become more refined, and childhood follows with further development of complex motor skills.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Neonate'.

Language development refers to the words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them for the understanding of others. Language development concerns itself with the length and the patterns of sentence structure, grammatical construction, and syntax.

Key Points

When infants are first born, they do most of their communication through crying.

• Around the age of 2 to 3 months, infants begin cooing and making soft, exaggerated vowel sounds to show pleasure or excitement.
• By 4 months, babies will begin to put vowel sounds and consonant sounds together to form nonsense words such as “gaga” and “ahpoo” as they start to experiment with how sounds can be linked together.
• By 7 months, babies begin taking turns “speaking” with others instead of talking at the same time as others do.
• By around age 8 months, babies begin to connect sounds they and their caregivers make to actual ideas and thoughts that can be universally understood.
• Between the ages of 9 to 12 months, babies begin to say their first real words, such as “mama” and “dada.” 
• By age 12 months, some babies may have as few as 2-3 words in their expressive vocabulary, while others may have a dozen.
• Between ages 18 to 24 months, toddlers begin putting 2 to 3 words together to form simple phrases.

Hence, we can conclude that in the infancy stage of life development a child starts to speak.