Inclusive Education MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Inclusive Education - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is 2.1 percent.

Key Points

• 2.1 percent:
  • According to the National Sample Survey (NSS), 2.1 percent of the Indian population is counted as disabled.
  • This statistic is crucial for understanding the prevalence of disability in India and for developing policies and programs to support disabled individuals.
  • The figure is based on comprehensive surveys conducted across the country to gather data on various aspects of disability.

Additional Information

• 8 percent:
  • This figure is significantly higher than the 2.1 percent reported by the NSS, indicating an overestimation of the disabled population.
  • Such a high percentage would imply a much larger segment of the population requiring support, which is not corroborated by the NSS data.
• 4 percent:
  • While this figure is closer to the actual statistic, it is still almost double the reported 2.1 percent.
  • This overestimation could lead to a misallocation of resources if used for policy planning.
• 2.8 percent:
  • This figure is slightly higher than the actual statistic, indicating a minor overestimation.
  • Though closer, it is not as accurate as the 2.1 percent reported by the NSS.

The correct answer is Supporting children with special needs.

Key Points

• Assistive Technology refers to products, devices, or equipment that are used to maintain, increase, or improve the functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.
• These technologies include a range of tools like screen readers, speech-to-text software, hearing aids, and adaptive keyboards.
• Assistive Technology is essential in enhancing learning and communication for children with special needs.
• It helps in promoting independence and improving the academic performance of students with disabilities.
• The use of Assistive Technology is supported under various educational policies and acts like the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in the USA.

Additional Information

• Screen Readers:
  • Software programs that allow blind or visually impaired users to read the text displayed on the computer screen with a speech synthesizer or braille display.
• Speech-to-Text Software:
  • Programs that convert spoken language into written text, aiding students with physical disabilities or those who have difficulty with writing.
• Hearing Aids:
  • Electronic devices that amplify sound, making it easier for individuals with hearing impairments to hear and communicate effectively.
• Adaptive Keyboards:
  • Keyboards designed to accommodate the needs of individuals with physical disabilities, including larger keys, customizable layouts, and alternative input methods.
• Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA):
  • A U.S. federal law ensuring services to children with disabilities, including the provision of Assistive Technology to support their educational needs.

The correct answer is - UNICEF

Key Points

• Project on Integrated Education for Disabled (PIED)
  • The project was launched in 1987 by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT).
  • It aimed to promote inclusive education for children with disabilities.
  • In conjunction with UNICEF, the project sought to integrate disabled children into mainstream education systems.

Additional Information

• UNICEF
  • UNICEF stands for the United Nations Children's Fund.
  • It works globally to promote the rights and well-being of every child.
  • UNICEF's educational programs focus on improving access to quality education and inclusive education for children with disabilities.
• NCERT
  • The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is an organization set up by the Government of India.
  • Its primary aim is to assist and advise the central and state governments on academic matters related to school education.
  • NCERT conducts various programs and initiatives to improve the quality of education in India.

The correct answer is - A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II

Key Points

• A. Mental Retardation - III. Intelligence Quotient
  • Mental retardation is characterized by significantly below-average intellectual functioning which is often measured by an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test.
• B. Learning disabilities - I. Achievement-potential discrepancy
  • Learning disabilities are often identified by a significant discrepancy between a student's achievement and their potential, as measured by intelligence tests.
• C. Autism spectrum disorder - IV. Intelligence Quotient
  • Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior. It can also be associated with varying levels of intelligence which can be measured by an Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test.
• D. Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder - II. Impulsive behaviour
  • Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by patterns of impulsivity, inattention, and hyperactivity.

Additional Information

• Mental Retardation
  • Refers to intellectual disability involving significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior.
  • IQ tests are commonly used to assess the level of cognitive functioning.
• Learning Disabilities
  • Conditions that affect the brain's ability to receive, process, store, and respond to information.
  • Includes dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia.
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
  • A range of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, and communication.
  • Individuals with ASD may have a wide range of intellectual abilities.
• Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
  • A mental health disorder that includes a combination of persistent problems, such as difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior.
  • Often diagnosed in childhood but can continue into adulthood.

The correct answer is - (B) and (D) Only

Key Points

• (B) Persons with Disabilities Act was modified in 2010
  • This statement is incorrect because the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act was enacted in 1995 and not modified in 2010.
  • In 2016, it was replaced by the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, which broadened the definition and scope of disabilities.
• (D) National Policy on Disabilities originated from RTE Act 2009
  • This statement is incorrect because the National Policy for Persons with Disabilities was formulated in 2006, well before the Right to Education (RTE) Act of 2009.
  • These two are separate policies addressing different aspects of social welfare and rights.

Additional Information

• Rehabilitation Council of India Act, 1992
  • This act was passed to regulate and monitor the training of rehabilitation professionals and personnel, and to promote research in the rehabilitation field.
• UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD)
  • Adopted in 2006, it emphasizes the importance of inclusive education for persons with disabilities.
  • It promotes accessible and inclusive educational environments at all levels of education.
• National Curriculum Framework, 2005
  • This framework aimed to make education more flexible and relevant to the needs of children.
  • It was developed by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) in India.

podcast is an audio programme produced on a regular basis, delivered over the internet in a compressed digital format and designed for playback on computers or portable digital audio players, such as the ipod while vodcast is a podcast consisting of video recordings, instead of solely audio.

Important Points

• A person with a learning disability has trouble processing words or numbers.
• There are several kinds of learning disabilities — dyslexia is the term used when people have trouble learning to read, even though they are smart and are motivated to learn.
• Dyslexia is not a disease. It's a condition a person is born with, and it often runs in families.
• Sound Health: The Podcast Can be Used For Sound Health.  AS poad cast is Audio file.

 Additional Information

• Visual impairment with severe mental impairment :Pad Cast And Vod Cast Aren't Helpful for Mental Impairment and Visual Impairment . As Mental Impairment need medical diagnosis.  And Visual Impairment Needs the Same.
• Severe Mental Impairment: This Can be Treated Only with the help of professional Doctor.  Poadcast Aren't Useful for Mentally Impaired Personal. 

Key Points

The correct answer is 1) E, C, B, D, A.

Here is a table of the laws and their corresponding years:

National Policy of Education 1986

•  In 1986, the government led by Rajiv Gandhi introduced a new National Policy on Education.
• The new policy called for special emphasis on the removal of disparities and to equalize educational opportunity, especially for Indian women, Scheduled Tribes, and the Scheduled Caste communities.
• The objective to be achieved as stated in the NPE, 1986 is “to integrate the physically and mentally handicapped with the general community as equal partners, to prepare them for normal growth and to enable them to face life with courage and confidence”.  

Integrated Education for Disabled Children Scheme 

• Integrated Education for Disabled Children Scheme namely IEDC, a centrally sponsored scheme run by the Directorate of Education now covers all the schools coming under the Directorate.
•  The aim of IEDC is to provide not only educational opportunities for disabled children in common schools so as to facilitate their retention in the school system but also to integrate them with the general community at all levels as equal partners.          
•  This scheme was introduced in 1976-77 in the Selected Senior Secondary Schools.
•   Presently all the schools are covered under this scheme.

World Declaration on Education for All (1990)

•  Every person, child, youth, and adult, shall be able to benefit from educational opportunities designed to meet their basic learning needs.
• The ultimate goal affirmed by the World Declaration on Education for All is to meet the basic learning needs of all children, youth, and adults.
• Intermediate goals can usefully be formulated as specific targets within national and subnational plans for educational development.

Rehabilitation Council of  India Act  1992

• The act was passed by the Parliament in 1992.
• This act makes it mandatory for every special teacher to be registered by the council and lays down that every child with a disability had the right to be taught by a qualified teacher.
• In fact, it provided punishment for those teachers who engaged in teaching children with special needs without a valid registration.

Therefore, NPE  mentioned inclusive education as, "to integrate the handicapped with the general community at all levels as equal partners, to prepare them for normal growth and to enable them to face life with courage and confidence"

The outcome of educating the children with disabilities and learning difficulties with that of normal ones represents the need for better developmental progress of CWSN.

Key Points

• Inclusive education is when all students, regardless of any challenges they may have, are placed in age-appropriate general education classes.
• SSA has adopted a zero-rejection policy. This means that no child having special needs should be deprived of the right to education and taught in an environment, which is best, suited to his/her learning needs.
• The multi-option education structure includes regular schools, EGS/AIE (Education Guarantee Scheme/Alternative and Innovative Education), and home-based education.
• Multi-Options is a teaching methodology that allows students to choose the format in which they will attend class
• The multi-option model has methods, approaches, and strategies which successfully implement the SSA policy in order to achieve the highest goal of inclusive education for all.

 Additional Information

• The integration Model is an approach where the learner brings together prior knowledge and experiences to support new knowledge and experiences.
• The medical model looks at a person's impairment first and focuses on the impairment as the cause of disabled people being unable to access goods and services or being able to participate fully in society.
• International Model is a world-class education is international education which is about the mobility of students and scholars who go to another part of the world to study, research, or teach.

Therefore, it can be concluded that for the education of CWSN (Children With Special Needs), the concept of Inclusive Education as laid down in SSA was based upon Multi-Option Model.

Key Points

The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 is an Indian legislation aimed at protecting the rights of persons with disabilities and promoting their equal opportunities and full participation in society.

It protects the rights of persons with disabilities in areas such as employment, education, and accessibility and mandates that the government take steps to ensure that public buildings, transport, and other facilities are made accessible to persons with disabilities.

The act also provides for the setting up of a commission for persons with disabilities to monitor and enforce the implementation of its provisions.

The act recognizes that persons with disabilities are equal citizens of India with the same rights and responsibilities as others. It aims to create an inclusive society where they can lead a life of dignity and independence.

Key Points

The chronological order of the laws is as follows:

1. UN Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons (1975)
2. The Salamanca Declaration (1994)
3. The Bikawo Millennium Framework for Action for Asia and Pacific (2002)
4. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006)
5. IEDSS (2015)

• The United Nations General Assembly adopted the UN Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons on December 9, 1975. It was the first international instrument to address the rights of persons with disabilities specifically. The Declaration proclaims that persons with disabilities have the same fundamental rights as all other human beings and are entitled to the same opportunities to participate fully in society.
• The Salamanca Declaration was adopted by the World Conference on Special Needs Education in Salamanca, Spain, in June 1994. The Declaration calls for all children to be educated in regular schools, regardless of their disabilities or learning difficulties. It also calls for schools to be more inclusive so all children can learn together.
• The Bikawo Millennium Framework for Action for Asia and Pacific was adopted by the Asia-Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons 2003-2012 High-Level Intergovernmental Meeting in Beijing, China, in November 2002. The Framework calls for governments in the Asia-Pacific region to take action to improve the lives of persons with disabilities. It also calls for developing national plans of action to implement the Framework.
• The United Nations General Assembly adopted the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on December 13, 2006. The Convention is the first international human rights treaty to address the rights of persons with disabilities specifically. It provides a comprehensive framework for protecting and promoting the rights of persons with disabilities.
• IEDSS stands for Inclusive Education for the Development of Sustainable Society. It is a global initiative that was launched in 2015. IEDSS aims to promote inclusive education and to ensure that all children, regardless of their disabilities or learning difficulties, have access to quality education.

Hence the correct answer is 3. C, A, B, D, E.

Key Points

• The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a common framework for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, both now and in the future, 
• It was accepted in 2015 by all United Nations Member States and is set to achieve by 2030.
• This 2030 agenda consists of 17 major Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and sub-goals which are an urgent call to action for all nations—developed and developing—in a global partnership
• These 17 Goals stressed that combating poverty and other forms of deprivation requires policies that enhance health and education, lessen inequality, promote economic growth, combat climate change, and fight to safeguard our oceans and forests.
• SDG 04 "Quality Education" list quality education as the fundamental driver that can realize change, especially in developing States. One of the SDG 04 targets is to “substantially increase the supply of qualified teachers by 2030, to address the qualified teacher shortage and to ensure that learners have access to quality primary and secondary education”.

Additional Information 
 Here is the list of 17 Sustainable Development Goals

1- No Poverty

2- Zero Hunger

3- Good Health and Well Being

4- Quality Education

5- Gender Equality

6- Clean Water and Sanitation

7- Affordable and Clean Energy

8- Decent work and Economic Growth

9- Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

10- Reduced Inequalities

11- Sustainable Cities and Communities

12- Responsible Consumption and Production

13- Climate Action

14- Life Below Water

15- Life on Land

16- Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions

17- Partnerships for the Goals

Persons with Disability Act 1995 

PWD (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights, and Full Participation) Act, 1995 was enacted to give an effect to the “Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of the People with Disabilities in the Asian and Pacific Region.

As per the PwD act of 1995, "Person with Disability" means a person suffering from not less than forty percent of any disability as certified by a medical authority. It covers the following disabilities :

• Blindness: "blindness" refers to a condition where a person suffers from any of the following conditions, namely:---
• Low vision: "person with low vision" means a person with impairment of visual functioning even after treatment or standard refractive correction but who uses or is potentially capable of using vision for the planning or execution of a task with an appropriate assistive device.
• Leprosy-cured: "leprosy cured person" means any person who has been cured of leprosy.
• Hearing impairment: "hearing impairment" means loss of sixty decibels or more in the better ear in the conversational range of frequencies.
• Locomotor Disabilities & Cerebral Palsy: "locomotor disability" means disability of the bones, joints, or muscles leading to substantial restriction of the movement of the limbs or any form of cerebral palsy.
• Mental retardation: "mental retardation" means delayed development of mind of a person which is especially characterized by subnormality of intelligence.
• Mental illness: "mental illness" means any mental disorder other than mental retardation

The aims and objectives of the Act are:

•  To spell out the responsibility of the state towards the prevention of disabilities, protection of rights, provision of medical care, education, training, employment, and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities.
• To create a barrier-free environment.
•  To counteract any situation of abuse and exploitation of persons.
• To make special provision of the integration of persons with disabilities into the social mainstream

Key Points

Marfan Syndrome

• Marfan syndrome affects the heart, eyes, blood vessels, and bones.
• People with Marfan syndrome are tall and thin with long arms, legs, fingers, and toes.
•  Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder that affects connective tissue.
•  The fibers that support and anchor your organs and other structures in your body.
• Marfan syndrome is caused by a mutation in a gene called FBN1.
• The mutation limits the body's ability to make proteins needed to build connective tissue.
• A person with Marfan syndrome has a 1 in 2 chance of passing it on to their child.

Therefore, Marfan Syndrome is a kind of Genetic disorder.

Genetic disorder

• A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.
• It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes or by a chromosomal abnormality.
• The genetic abnormality can range from minuscule to major, from a discrete mutation in a single base in the DNA of a single gene to a gross chromosomal
•  A genetic disorder is a disease caused in whole or in part by a change in the DNA sequence away from the normal sequence.

Viral Infection

• A viral infection is a proliferation of a harmful virus inside your body.
• Viruses cannot reproduce without the assistance of a host.
• Viruses infect a host by introducing their genetic material into the cells and hijacking the cell's internal machinery to make more virus particles.

Degenerative neuromuscular disease

• Affects the muscles and their direct nervous system control.
• There is a problem with central nervous control that can cause either spasticity or some degree of paralysis, from both lower and upper motor neuron disorders, depending on the location and the nature of the problem.
• Some examples of central disorders include cerebrovascular accident, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.

Key Points

• Inclusive schools are schools that welcome all children, regardless of their background or abilities.
• This means that children with disabilities, children from minority groups, children from economically weaker sections, and girls all need more attention in an inclusive school.

In an inclusive school, children who need more attention can include:

• A. Girls:
  • Girls may need more attention to ensure gender equity and address any specific needs or challenges they face in the educational environment.
• B. Minorities:
  • ​Students from minority groups may need additional support to ensure their participation and integration in the school community.
• C. Economically weaker sections:
  • ​Children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds may require extra attention to provide equal opportunities for their academic and personal growth.
• D. Children with disabilities:
  • ​Children with disabilities often need specialized support and accommodations to ensure their full participation and access to education.
• E. Children of teachers: The option "E" (Children of teachers) is not typically associated with children who need more attention in an inclusive school setting, as it does not represent a specific group requiring additional support due to factors like gender, minority status, economic background, or disability.

So, the correct answer is 4) A, B, C & D only.