Culture Religion Society MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Culture Religion Society - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Both i and ii are true.

Key Points

• Aurangazeb, one of the Mughal emperors, was known for his strict adherence to Islamic principles.
• He banned singing and other forms of entertainment in his court as part of his policy to enforce Islamic orthodoxy.
• Despite his ban on singing, the period of his reign saw the largest number of books written on Indian classical music.
• This contradiction can be explained by the fact that while Aurangazeb restricted musical performances in his court, music as an art form continued to thrive outside the court, inspiring scholars to document and preserve it.

Additional Information

• Option 1: Both i and ii are true - This is correct, as Aurangazeb indeed banned singing in his court, and during his reign, the largest number of books on Indian classical music were written.
• Option 2: Only i is true - This would imply that the statement about books on Indian classical music being written is incorrect, which is not the case.
• Option 3: Both i and ii are wrong - This would imply that neither Aurangazeb banned singing nor were books on Indian classical music written during his reign. Historical evidence refutes this claim.
• Option 4: Only ii is true - This would imply that Aurangazeb did not ban singing in his court, which is not historically accurate.
• Aurangazeb’s Policies: Aurangazeb adopted policies aimed at enforcing strict Islamic principles, including the banning of music and dance performances in his court. However, his reign also saw significant contributions to the documentation and preservation of Indian classical music by scholars and enthusiasts who worked outside the royal court.
• Books on Indian Classical Music: The Mughal period as a whole, including Aurangazeb’s reign, was a fertile time for the codification and documentation of Indian music traditions. Works like "Rag Darpan" and others were composed during this time.
• Music Outside the Court: While court performances were restricted, music continued to thrive in other settings, such as temples, Sufi shrines, and among the general populace.

The correct answer is Tomb of Jahangir.Key Points

• The Tomb of Jahangir is a 17th-century mausoleum built for the Mughal Emperor Jahangir.
• The mausoleum dates from 1637 and is located in Shahdara Bagh near the city of Lahore, Pakistan, along the banks of the Ravi River.
• Hence it is not in Uttar Pradesh.

Important Points

• Akbar's tomb is the tomb of the Mughal emperor Akbar.
  • It was built in 1605–1613 by his son Jahangir and is situated on 119 acres of grounds in Sikandra, a sub of Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. 
• The Tomb of Salim Chishti is famed as one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in India, built during the years 1580 and 1581, along with the imperial complex at Fatehpur Sikri, Agra UP.
• Tomb of I'timād-ud-Daulah is a Mughal mausoleum in the city of Agra in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh has the maximum number of monuments in India that count a total number of 3,685 monuments.
• The place is known as the ‘heartland of India’ due to its cultural heritage and historical relevance.
• Most of the monuments in India are well-maintained by the Archaeological department of India. However, these popular spots foresay the ruthlessness of previous rulers and their impact on them.
• Maharashtra has the maximum number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
  • There are now 42 World Heritage sites in India, out of which 34 are cultural sites, 7 natural sites, and 1 mixed site.

The correct answer is Persian.

Key Points

• The Mughal court chronicles were written in Persian.
• ​Mughal chronicles such as the Akbar Nama were written in Persian, while others, like Babur's memoirs, were translated from Turkish into the Persian Babur Nama.
• Urdu came from the amalgamation of Persian with Hindavi. 
• Chronicles commissioned by the Mughal emperors are an important source for studying the empire and its court.
• The authors of Mughal chronicles were mostly courtiers.
• The Mughals were Chaghtai Turks by origin.
• Turkish was their mother tongue hence the first ruler Babur wrote poetry and his memoirs in this language.

The correct answer is Tomb of Jahangir.Key Points

• The Tomb of Jahangir is a 17th-century mausoleum built for the Mughal Emperor Jahangir.
• The mausoleum dates from 1637 and is located in Shahdara Bagh near the city of Lahore, Pakistan, along the banks of the Ravi River.
• Hence it is not in Uttar Pradesh.

Important Points

• Akbar's tomb is the tomb of the Mughal emperor Akbar.
  • It was built in 1605–1613 by his son Jahangir and is situated on 119 acres of grounds in Sikandra, a sub of Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. 
• The Tomb of Salim Chishti is famed as one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in India, built during the years 1580 and 1581, along with the imperial complex at Fatehpur Sikri, Agra UP.
• Tomb of I'timād-ud-Daulah is a Mughal mausoleum in the city of Agra in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh has the maximum number of monuments in India that count a total number of 3,685 monuments.
• The place is known as the ‘heartland of India’ due to its cultural heritage and historical relevance.
• Most of the monuments in India are well-maintained by the Archaeological department of India. However, these popular spots foresay the ruthlessness of previous rulers and their impact on them.
• Maharashtra has the maximum number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
  • There are now 42 World Heritage sites in India, out of which 34 are cultural sites, 7 natural sites, and 1 mixed site.

The correct answer is Persian.

Key Points

• The Mughal court chronicles were written in Persian.
• ​Mughal chronicles such as the Akbar Nama were written in Persian, while others, like Babur's memoirs, were translated from Turkish into the Persian Babur Nama.
• Urdu came from the amalgamation of Persian with Hindavi. 
• Chronicles commissioned by the Mughal emperors are an important source for studying the empire and its court.
• The authors of Mughal chronicles were mostly courtiers.
• The Mughals were Chaghtai Turks by origin.
• Turkish was their mother tongue hence the first ruler Babur wrote poetry and his memoirs in this language.

The correct answer is Persian.

Key Points

• The Mughal court chronicles were written in Persian.
• ​Mughal chronicles such as the Akbar Nama were written in Persian, while others, like Babur's memoirs, were translated from Turkish into the Persian Babur Nama.
• Urdu came from the amalgamation of Persian with Hindavi. 
• Chronicles commissioned by the Mughal emperors are an important source for studying the empire and its court.
• The authors of Mughal chronicles were mostly courtiers.
• The Mughals were Chaghtai Turks by origin.
• Turkish was their mother tongue hence the first ruler Babur wrote poetry and his memoirs in this language.

The correct answer is Delhi.

Key Points

• Humayun's Tomb:
  • The tomb of Humayun is located in Delhi.
  • The tomb was commissioned by Humayun's wife, Empress Bega Begum, in 1558 and designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyas and Sayyid Muhammad (Persian architects).
  • It was also the first structure of its size to use red sandstone.
  • In 1993, the tomb was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Important Points

• Humayun (1530-1540, 1555-1556):
  • Humayun was the eldest son of Babar.
  • In the Battle of Chausa, 1539 and Battle of Bilgram, 1540 (Battle of Kanauj), Humayun was defeated by Sher Khan.
  • After losing his kingdom, Humayun became an exile for the next 15 years.
  • In 1555, Humayun defeated the Afghans and recovered the Mughal Throne.
  • He died in 1556 due to his fall from the staircase of his library.
  • He loved painting and wrote poetry in the Persian language.

Additional Information

• Tombs of important Mughal rulers:

The Correct Answer is Option 1 i.e Akbar.

• Akbar (1556-1605):
  • Emperor Akbar founded the city in by the name of “ILLAHABAS” which later became ALLAHABAD.
  • He introduced the new religion as Din-i-Ilahi.
  • He introduced the Mansabdari system.
  • Akbar defeated Hemu in the second battle of Panipat.
  • He built Ibadat Khana in Fatehpur Sikri.
  • He followed the policy of Sulh-i-Kul.
• Babar(1526-1530):
  • He declared himself as Badshah.
  • He was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.
  • Baburnama, also known as Tuzk-e Babri is the biography of Babar written by him.
• Shah Jahan (1628 to 1658 AD):
  • He built Red Fort in Delhi.
  • He also built the Taj Mahal in Agra.
  • He built Moti Masjid in Agra.
  • He also built Jama Masjid in Delhi.
• Jahangir (1605–1627 AD):
  • He built Begum Shahi Mosque in Lahore, Pakistan.

Important Points

Mughals:

• The Mughals were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.
• From their mother’s side, they were descendants of Genghis Khan (died 1227), the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and Central Asia.
• From their father’s side, they were the successors of Timur (died 1404), the ruler of Iran, Iraq and modern-day Turkey.
• However, the Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongol. This was because Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people.
• It was also linked with the Uzbeks, their Mongol competitors.
• On the other hand, the Mughals were proud of their Timurid ancestry, not least of all because their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398. 

The correct answer is Qila-i-Kuhna Masjid.

Key Points

• Qila-i-Kuhna Masjid- This mosque, found inside the Purana Qila of Delhi, was built by Sher Shah Suri (1538-45).
  • After Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun, he occupied Purana Qila.
  • There, he built the mosque for his private use, which became a "symbol of his royal aspiration".
  • It is a large, single-aisled mosque that would have served as the sultan's Jami or Friday mosque.

Additional Information

• Shah Jahan - Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram, better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan.
  • He was the fifth Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1628 to 1658.
  • Before becoming king, as a prince, he had been the governor of the Deccan, Bihar, Bengal, Gujarat, and Delhi.
  • His reign ushered in the golden age of Mughal architecture.
  • Shah Jahan commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, which entombs his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
  • Important Monuments Built By Shah Jahan Other than Taj Mahal are, Jama Masjid (Delhi), Jama Masjid in Agra, the Rang Mahal or Palace of Colour, and Moti Masjid.

The correct answer is Guru Angad.

• Guru Nanak appointed Bhai Lehna as the successor Guru in 1539, renaming him Guru Angad.

Key Points

• Guru Angad had given up his own faith and had become a Sikh. He served and worked with Guru Nanak for many years.
• Having tested his discipleship through several tests over the years, Guru Nanak designated him as Guru Angad, the second Guru of the Sikhs.
• Guru Nanak was the founder of Sikhism and is the first of the ten Sikh Gurus.

Additional Information

• Guru Amar Das Sahib Ji was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on 16 April, 1552 at the age of 73, following the footsteps of Sri Guru Angad Dev Sahib Ji, who left for his heavenly abode on 29 March, 1552, aged 48.
• Guru Har Rai Ji was the seventh of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on Tuesday, 19 March, 1644 after the footsteps of his grandfather, Guru Har Gobind Ji. Before Guru Ji died, he nominated Guru Har Krishan Ji, his son, as the next Guru of the Sikhs.
• Guru Har Rai Ji was the son of Baba Gurdita Ji and Mata Nihal Kaur Ji (also known as Mata Ananti Ji).
• Baba Gurdita was the son of the sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind.
• Guru Har Rai Ji married Mata Kishan Kaur Ji.
• Sri Guru Ram Das Ji was the fourth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism. Guru Amar Das Ji renamed Bhai Jetha Ji as Ram Das ("servant of God") and appointed him as Sri Guru Ram Das Ji.

Important Points

Sikh Gurus:

1. Guru Nanak Dev (1469 -1539)
2. Guru Angad Dev (1539 -1552)
3. Guru Amar Das Sahib (1552 - 1574)
4. Guru Ram Das Sahib (1574 - 1581)
5. Guru Arjan Dev (1581 - 1606)
6. Guru Har Gobind Sahib (1606 - 1644)
7. Guru Har Rai Sahib (1644 - 1661)
8. Guru Har Krishan Sahib (1661 - 1664)
9. Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib (1665 - 1675)
10. Guru Gobind Singh Sahib (1675 - 1708)
11. Guru Granth Sahib (1708 - eternity)

• Ibadat Khana was established by Mughal Emperor Akbar (1542-1605 CE) for conducting religious debates and discussions among theologians and professors of different religions.
• While Akbar was at Fatehpur Sikri during the 1570s he started discussions on religion with the Ulama, Brahmanas, Jesuit priests who were Roman Catholics, and Zoroastrians.
  • These discussions took place the Ibadat Khana.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

 Key Points

• Aaram Bagh ​
  • Aaram Bagh was originally built by the Mughal Emperor Babur in 1528. 
  • The Aaram Bagh is the oldest Mughal Garden in India, located in Agra, five kilometres northeast of the Taj Mahal.
  • Before being interred in Kabul, Babur was temporarily buried there.
  • The garden is a Persian garden, where the garden is divided by paths and canals to represent the Islamic ideal of paradise, a plentiful garden through which rivers flow.
  • Two viewing pavilions face the Jamuna river and include an underground 'tahkhana' that was used to provide visitors with relief during the hot summers. There are numerous watercourses and fountains in the garden.

Additional Information

• Mughals:
  • The Mughals were descendants of two great lineages of rulers.
  • From their mother’s side, they were descendants of Genghis Khan (died 1227), the Mongol ruler who ruled over parts of China and Central Asia.
  • From their father’s side, they were the successors of Timur (died 1404), the ruler of Iran, Iraq and modern-day Turkey.
  • However, the Mughals did not like to be called Mughal or Mongol. This was because Genghis Khan’s memory was associated with the massacre of innumerable people.
  • It was also linked with the Uzbeks, their Mongol competitors.
  • On the other hand, the Mughals were proud of their Timurid ancestry, not least of all because their great ancestor had captured Delhi in 1398. 

The correct answer is Occupational division of labour.

Key Points

• Rigveda is the oldest religious text in the world.
• The 10th Mandala of Rigveda contains the Purushasukta hymn which tells about the origin of the caste system.
• The caste system in India divides people into four distinct categories - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras.
• The word caste derives from the Spanish and Portuguese “casta”, which means “race, lineage, or breed”.
• Portuguese employed casta in the modern sense when they applied it to hereditary Indian social groups called as ‘jati’ in India.
• According to the traditionaltheory, the caste system is an extension of the varna system, where the 4 varnas originated from the body of Bramha.

Additional Information

• Indian sociologist D.N. Majumdar writes in his book, “Races and Culture in India”, the caste system took its birth after the arrival of Aryans in India.
• The society is divided into various small social groups called castes. Each of these castes is a well developed social group.
• Endogamy is the chief characteristic of caste, i.e. the members of a caste or sub-caste should marry within their own caste or sub-caste.
• Megasthenes, the Greek traveller to India in 300 B. C., mentions hereditary occupation as one of the two features of caste system, the other being endogamy.
• The caste system is found in other countries like Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

The correct answer is Tomb of Jahangir.Key Points

• The Tomb of Jahangir is a 17th-century mausoleum built for the Mughal Emperor Jahangir.
• The mausoleum dates from 1637 and is located in Shahdara Bagh near the city of Lahore, Pakistan, along the banks of the Ravi River.
• Hence it is not in Uttar Pradesh.

Important Points

• Akbar's tomb is the tomb of the Mughal emperor Akbar.
  • It was built in 1605–1613 by his son Jahangir and is situated on 119 acres of grounds in Sikandra, a sub of Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. 
• The Tomb of Salim Chishti is famed as one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in India, built during the years 1580 and 1581, along with the imperial complex at Fatehpur Sikri, Agra UP.
• Tomb of I'timād-ud-Daulah is a Mughal mausoleum in the city of Agra in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Uttar Pradesh has the maximum number of monuments in India that count a total number of 3,685 monuments.
• The place is known as the ‘heartland of India’ due to its cultural heritage and historical relevance.
• Most of the monuments in India are well-maintained by the Archaeological department of India. However, these popular spots foresay the ruthlessness of previous rulers and their impact on them.
• Maharashtra has the maximum number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
  • There are now 42 World Heritage sites in India, out of which 34 are cultural sites, 7 natural sites, and 1 mixed site.

The correct answer is Agra.

Key Points

• Tomb of Shah Jahan
  • The Tomb of Shah Jahan is located in Agra. Which is nothing but the Taj Mahal. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
  • Upon his death, his son Aurangzeb had him interred in it next to Mumtaz Mahal. Shah Jahan was also buried there.
  • The Taj Mahal was built between 1631 and 1643 by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan (1628-58) as a mausoleum for his beloved wife Arjumand Banu Begum, who was also known by the title Mumtaz Mahal.
  • Built of brick with a white marble facing inlaid with precious stones, the mausoleum is octagonal in plan and surmounted by a bulbous dome surrounded by four domed kiosks or 'chatters.
  • It stands on a plinth with a minaret at each of the four corners, sited at the northern end of enclosed formal gardens of the Persian ‘char bagh’ form, a square garden divided equally into four smaller quadrants. 

Additional Information

• Delhi
  • India’s capital territory is a massive metropolitan area in the country’s north.
  • In Old Delhi, a neighborhood dating to the 1600s, stands the imposing Mughal-era Red Fort, a symbol of India, and the sprawling Jama Masjid mosque, whose courtyard accommodates 25,000 people.
  • Nearby is Chandni Chowk, a vibrant bazaar filled with food carts, sweets shops, and spice stalls. 
• Fatehpur
  • It is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.
  • The city is situated between the rivers Ganga and Yamuna.
  • The city has been named after Babu Fateh Chandra who helped Rani Lakshmi Bai in the freedom fight as well.