Cause and Effect MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Cause and Effect - Download Free PDF

Last updated on May 25, 2025

Logical Reasoning is one of the most popular sections in exams like SBI PO, SSC CGL, GATE and RRB ALP. Questions based on topics such as Number Series, Completion of Patterns, Linear Arrangement are asked. Practice the Cause and Effect MCQs and prepare for the Logical Reasoning Section. Get tips to solve Cause and Effect objective questions quickly, clarify any doubts with explanations to solutions, and much more in Cause and Effect quiz! Practice Cause and Effect question answers to ace the Logical Reasoning section in exams!

Latest Cause and Effect MCQ Objective Questions

Cause and Effect Question 1:

Consider the following two statements.

Statement-I Akshay's movie has crossed the 300 crores mark at the box-office.

Statement-II His movie is nominated for the Oscars.

Choose the correct option by analyzing which of the statement is cause and which one is its effect?

  1. Statement-II is the cause and statement- I is its effect.
  2. Statement-I is the cause and statement- Il is its effect.
  3. Both the statements are effects of some common cause.
  4. Both the statements are effects of independent causes.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Both the statements are effects of independent causes.

Cause and Effect Question 1 Detailed Solution

Statements:

I. Akshay's movie has crossed the 300 crores mark at the box-office.

Statement I is an effect of the movie's commercial success, which can be attributed to factors such as good script, strong performances, effective marketing, and audience reception.

II. His movie is nominated for the Oscars.

Statement II is an effect of the movie's critical acclaim and artistic merit, which is judged by a panel of experts in the film industry for various categories like direction, acting, screenplay, and technical aspects.

Therefore, both statements are independent effects of different causes and are not directly related to each other. A movie's box office success doesn't guarantee an Oscar nomination, nor does an Oscar nomination guarantee high box office collection.

Hence, Option 4 is correct because both statements are effects of independent causes.

Cause and Effect Question 2:

Directions: Given below is a pair of events I and II. You have to decide the nature of relationships. Assume that the given information is correct and final.

I. Sea level is steadily rising.

II. Global Warming is a serious problem that the world is facing.

  1. I is the main cause and II is the main effect.
  2. I is effect but II is not the main cause
  3. II is the main cause and I is the main effect
  4. II is an effect but I is not the main cause
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : II is the main cause and I is the main effect

Cause and Effect Question 2 Detailed Solution

The logic followed is:

The phenomenon of global warming is a serious problem (cause) and the rise in the sea level is a major effect of the same.

So, II is the main cause and I is the main effect.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Additional Information 

What are Causes?

Causes are the conditions under which an event occurs.

For example, can you guess the causes for the following? 

The police increased security around the President's house.

Lots of people buy a particularly expensive brand of washing machines around Diwali. Easily, we can guess the causes for the above events. 

There were reports of threats against the President. 

There was a high discount or sale for that brand during Diwali.

Sufficient & Necessary Conditions:

In a cause and effect question, the cause is the sufficient condition. It is assumed that the sufficient condition of the occurrence of the events must include the different necessary conditions as well. 

A necessary condition is one that must be satisfied for the occurrence of an event. 

E.g. You must adhere to the deadline to get your work appraised. 

This means if you get your work appraised, you have to adhere to the deadline. Or; if you do not adhere to the deadline, you do not get your work appraised. 

A condition is called a sufficient condition if in a certain event, you are satisfied with the results.

E.g. Being human is a sufficient condition for being a mammal. The act of being a human is not possible unless one is also a mammal. But it is not necessary that being human is a necessary condition for being a mammal. 

Cause and Effect Question 3:

In this question, two statements I and II have been given. These statements may be independent causes or effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of the statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both statements and select the correct answer.

I. Since the past three years, State M has reported a sharp and substantial decline in the state’s agricultural produce.

II. In the last five years, there has been an increase in the overall average Rainfall by 6% in State M bringing respite to the farmers.

  1. I is the cause and II is its possible effect
  2. Both I and II are independent causes
  3. II is the cause and I is its possible effect
  4. Both I and II are effects of independent causes
  5. None of the above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Both I and II are effects of independent causes

Cause and Effect Question 3 Detailed Solution

Explanation:

Statement I indicates a decline in the agricultural produce in State M. Statement II indicates that there has been an increase in average rainfall in State M.

It's generally expected that increased rainfall would benefit agricultural produce, assuming all other factors are constant, as it would provide more water for crops. However, this is not always the case, too much rain can also lead to issues such as flooding or waterlogged soil that can negatively impact crops. But there is not enough information given to establish this correlation.

It's more reasonable to suggest that both these statements are effects, but they are of independent causes. The decline in agricultural produce could be due to factors like pests, disease, changes in farming practices, or changes in market demand. The increase in rainfall, on the other hand, could be due to climate change, changes in weather patterns, or other environmental factors.

Hence, the correct option is "4) Both I and II are effects of independent causes".

Cause and Effect Question 4:

In the question, two statements I and II are given. These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following options correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

Statements:

I. University X has hiked the fee four times in various courses.

II. Students across all courses are protesting against fee hike by university X.

  1. Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  2. Statement II is the cause, and statement I is its effect.
  3. Both the statements I and II are the effects of independent causes.
  4. Statement I is the cause, and statement II is its effect.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Statement I is the cause, and statement II is its effect.

Cause and Effect Question 4 Detailed Solution

Statements:

I. University X has hiked the fee four times in various courses.

Statement I is the cause of the fee hike, which is an action taken by the university.

II. Students across all courses are protesting against fee hike by university X.

Statement II is the effect of the fee hike, as students are reacting to the university's decision.

Therefore, Statement I is the cause, and Statement II is its effect.

Hence, Option 4 is correct because Statement I is the cause, and Statement II is its effect.

Cause and Effect Question 5:

Given below is a statement (Cause) followed by possible effects numbered I, II and III. Read the ‘Cause’ carefully and decide which of the three can be possible effect/s.

Cause – Heavy rains yesterday in City X have caused flooding in many areas including the railway station and airport.

Effect I – Railways has announced a delay in the departure of three trains scheduled to start from City X this morning.

Effect II – A number of flights were unable to land in the airport of City X last evening.

Effect III – Finance ministry has extended the date for filing tax returns by a month.

  1. Only II is a possible effect.
  2. Both II and III are possible effects.
  3. Both I and II are possible effects
  4. Only I is a possible effect.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Both I and II are possible effects

Cause and Effect Question 5 Detailed Solution

Given:

Cause: Heavy rains yesterday in City X have caused flooding in many areas including the railway station and airport.

Effects:

I. Railways has announced a delay in the departure of three trains scheduled to start from City X this morning.

The cause states that the railway station was flooded. Flooding can disrupt railway operations, leading to delays. Therefore, it is logical to assume that the railway delay is a direct effect of the heavy rains and flooding. Effect I is a possible consequence of the given cause.

II. A number of flights were unable to land in the airport of City X last evening.

The cause also states that the airport was flooded. Flooding can make it dangerous or impossible for planes to land. Therefore, it is logical to assume that flights being unable to land is a direct effect of the heavy rains and flooding. Effect II is also a possible consequence of the given cause.

III. Finance ministry has extended the date for filing tax returns by a month.

The cause is related to weather and transportation disruptions. Extending the date for filing tax returns is a financial decision made by the Finance Ministry. There is no direct or logical link between heavy rains causing flooding and the Finance Ministry extending tax return deadlines. Effect III is not a probable consequence of the given cause.

Effects I and II are direct and logical consequences of the flooding caused by heavy rains. Effect III is unrelated to the given cause.

Hence, the answer correct is "Option 3".

Top Cause and Effect MCQ Objective Questions

Directions: Below mentioned are some statements with their effects, choose the most suitable option for the situations mentioned. 

Statement: Ripped jeans are the new trend in the Indian market.

Effects:

I. Retailers have increased the stock of ripped jeans in their shops. 

II. Producers earn a higher profit from ripped jeans.

  1. Only I is correct.
  2. Only II is correct.
  3. Neither is correct.
  4. Both are correct.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Both are correct.

Cause and Effect Question 6 Detailed Solution

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The statement "Ripped jeans are the new trend in the Indian market" could potentially lead to both Effect I and Effect II.

If ripped jeans are a new trend, then retailers may increase their stock of ripped jeans (Effect I) to meet the higher demand from consumers.

Additionally, if the demand for ripped jeans increases and the producers can price them higher due to their popularity, they may earn a higher profit from ripped jeans (Effect II).

So, both effects are potentially suitable for this situation.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

Statements:

I. Police authority has recently increased vigil during the morning hours in the city.

II. There has been a considerable reduction in the incidents of petty crimes in the city.

  1. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  2. Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  3. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.
  4. Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.

Cause and Effect Question 7 Detailed Solution

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Statements:

I. Police authority has recently increased vigil during the morning hours in the city.

II. There has been a considerable reduction in the incidents of petty crimes in the city.

→ Here, with the increased vigilance, the crimes in the city have been reduced. Thus, the reduction in crimes is an effect of the increased vigil during the morning hours in the city.

Thus, Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.

Hence, the correct answer is "1".

Directions: Below mentioned are some statements with their effects, choose the most suitable option for the situations mentioned. 

Statement: There are lots of unemployed people in India. 

Effects:

I. Poverty in the country. 

II. Provisions in the budget for Rojgar Yojanas. 

  1. Only I is correct. 
  2. Only II is correct. 
  3. Neither is correct. 
  4. Both are correct. 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Both are correct. 

Cause and Effect Question 8 Detailed Solution

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Given Statements: "There are lots of unemployed people in India." 
 
Effect I: Poverty in the country - This effect is accurate as it is widely recognized that unemployment can lead to poverty. Without consistent income from employment, many individuals struggle to meet basic needs, leading to poverty. Therefore the high unemployment rate can contribute to an increase in poverty.
 
Effect II: Provisions in the budget for Rojgar Yojanas - This is also be an effect. Rojgar Yojanas (employment schemes) are typically social efforts taken by the government to create job opportunities aiming to reduce unemployment. High unemployment can prompt the government to allocate more budget for such schemes.
 
So, both effects I and II are correct.
(Higher unemployment can lead to an increase in poverty, and it may also prompt the government to allocate more funds for employment schemes like 'Rojgar Yojanas'. The particular socio-economic dynamics at play in India mean that both poverty and government interventions like Rojgar Yojanas are associated with high unemployment rates.)
 
Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The question given below has two statements I and II. These statements may be either independent causes or maybe effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of these answer choices correctly depicts the relationship between the two statements.

Statements:

I. Majority of the residents of the housing society participated in the dinner hosted by one of the members of the society.

II. Most of the people living in the housing society invite other members for the functions at their house.

  1. Statement I is the cause and II is the effect.
  2. Statement II is the cause and I is the effect.
  3. Statements I and II are independent causes.
  4. Both statements I and II are effects of independent causes.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Statement II is the cause and I is the effect.

Cause and Effect Question 9 Detailed Solution

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Since most of the people in housing societies invite other members of the society for the functions carried out in their houses, people participate in these dinners to oblige each other. The first statement is seen as an effect of this action. Therefore, the second statement is the cause.

Directions: In the question given below there is a pair of events (I & II). You have to read both the event (I) and (Il), and then decide the nature of relationship (cause and effect) that exists between them.

Event I: The demand for solar panels has increased many folds.

Event II: The government has widely publicized the benefits of solar energy.

  1. If (I) is the effect and (II) is its immediate and principal cause.
  2. If (I) is the immediate and principal cause and (II) is its effect.
  3. If (I) is an effect but (II) is not its immediate and principal cause.
  4. If (II) is an effect but (I) is not its immediate and principal cause.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : If (I) is the effect and (II) is its immediate and principal cause.

Cause and Effect Question 10 Detailed Solution

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From the given events we can say that, event I is the effect as the demand for solar panels has increased because the government had shown the benefits of solar energy to the people and so we can say that event II is the cause.

Thus, if (I) is the effect and (II) is its immediate and principal cause.

Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

In the below question two statements I and II are given. These statements may either be independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

Statements:

I) Saketh lost his job as a software professional due to the recession last month.

II) Ayansh, a salesperson, received only half his salary as there is fall in demand for their products in the market

  1. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.
  2. Both the statements I and II are effects of a common cause.
  3. Both the statements I and II are independent causes.
  4. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Both the statements I and II are effects of a common cause.

Cause and Effect Question 11 Detailed Solution

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  • Saketh and Ayansh are working in two different fields, therefore, they cannot be the cause or effect of each other.
  • Saketh losing his job and Ayansh receiving less salary are effects of some event and not causes.
  • Both statements indicate the existence of an economic struggle in industries. Thus, it is likely that statements I and II are effects of a common cause.

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

In each question below are given two events (A) and (B). These statements can be either independent causes or they can be effects of independent causes. One of these statements can be an effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choices best represents the relationship between the two statements:

A) The Supreme Court has set a time limit for the verification of documents.

B) The Recruitment Agency is working on urgent basis.

  1. Event (B) is the cause and event (A) is its effect.
  2. Event (A) is the cause and event (B) is its effect.
  3. (A) and (B) both the events are effects of some independent cause. 
  4. Both (A) and (B) events represent independent causes.  

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Event (A) is the cause and event (B) is its effect.

Cause and Effect Question 12 Detailed Solution

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Event A: The Supreme Court has set a time limit for the verification of documents.

Event B: The Recruitment Agency is working on urgent basis.

The Recruitment Agency is working on urgent basis because The Supreme Court has set a time limit for the verification of documents.

Clearly, Event (A) is the cause and event (B) is its effect.

Hence, The correct answer is "Option (2)"

Below a question is given with two statements (I) and (II). These statements may be either independent causes or may be effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following answer choice correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements. 

(I) Terrorism continues to disrupt our societies and undermine our development endeavors.

(II) The only way to fight this scourge is to strengthen and implement, without exceptions or double standards.

  1. Statement (I) is the cause and statement (II) is the effect.
  2. Statement (II) is the cause and statement (I) is the effect.
  3. Both the statements (I) and (II) are independent causes
  4. Both the statements (I) and (II) are effects of independent causes.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Statement (I) is the cause and statement (II) is the effect.

Cause and Effect Question 13 Detailed Solution

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The first statement criticizes a specific tactic of Terrorism continues to disrupt our societies and undermine our development endeavors and the second statement is the effect of this that the only way to fight this scourge is to strengthen and implement, without exceptions or double standards. 

Hence, Statement (I) is the cause and statement (II) is the effect.

Directions: Given below is a pair of statements (i) and (ii). Assuming that the information given in both (i) and (ii) is true, decide the nature of their relationship. To determine the answer, do not assume anything beyond the given information.

Statement (i): High level of air pollution in the city

Statement (ii): Increase in respiratory and health-related problems in the population

  1. Statement (ii) is the effect and statement (i) is the cause.
  2. Both statements are effects of a common cause.
  3. Both the statements are effects of some independent causes.
  4. Statement (i) is the effect and statement (ii) is the cause.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Statement (ii) is the effect and statement (i) is the cause.

Cause and Effect Question 14 Detailed Solution

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Based on the given information:

Statement (i): High level of air pollution in the city.

This suggests that the quality of air within the city is poor due to elevated concentrations of pollutants.

Statement (ii): Increase in respiratory and health-related problems in the population.

This is referring to a rise in health issues, particularly respiratory problems, among the population.

Under the knowledge that air pollution can lead to health issues, we can infer that the elevated pollution (statement i) is potentially causing the increase in respiratory and health-related problems (statement ii).

Therefore, statement (ii) is seen as the effect of the cause outlined in statement (i).

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1."

Two statements I and II are given. These statements may be either independent causes or may be the effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and decide which of the following options correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.

Statements:

I. The school bus with teachers and students couldn't reach the school on time.

II. A major accident took place on the road blocking the traffic.

  1. If statement I is the cause, statement II could be its effect
  2. Both statements I and II could be effects of some common cause
  3. Both statements I and II are independent causes
  4. If statement II is the cause, statement I could be its effect

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : If statement II is the cause, statement I could be its effect

Cause and Effect Question 15 Detailed Solution

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  1. A bus reaching the school late cannot cause a major accident on the road. Therefore, option 1 is eliminated.
  2. It is not possible to establish a common event that can cause the delay of a school bus as well as a major road accident. - Therefore, option 2 is eliminated.
  3. A major road accident obstructing the traffic can cause the school bus to reach late in the school. Therefore, I and II cannot be independent causes. Therefore, option 3 is eliminated.

Hence, statement II is the cause and statement I could be its effect.

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