Super Structure MCQ Quiz in বাংলা - Objective Question with Answer for Super Structure - বিনামূল্যে ডাউনলোড করুন [PDF]

Concept :

To make the surface of the wall perfectly sealed, wood and metal surface require 3 coats of plastering Stone and brick masonry generally require 2 coats for important constructions (public buildings, schools, etc) and a single coat is done for low-cost construction.

Important points :

It is tough to perform plastering on woods and metals hence a method using Expanded Metal Lathing (EML) is adopted. It is used which covers the whole wall by metal nets and then plastering is performed.

EML structural view is depicted as below:

Also, sometimes push plastering is also adopted, in which the plaster is pushed to the backside of the wall through the small gaps, so as to strengthen it. 

Concept:

Components of an arch,

Rise of an arch: The clear vertical distance between the highest point on the intrados and the springing line is called as rise.

Depth or height of an arch: The perpendicular distance between the intrados of arch to the extrados of arch is called depth of an arch or height of an arch.

Thickness of an arch: This is the breadth of soffit which is measured perpendicular to the front and back faces of an arch.

Span of an arch: The clear horizontal distance between the supports or abutments or piers is termed as span of an arch.

Springing points: The imaginary points which are responsible for the springing of curve of an arch are called as springing joints.

Springing line: The imaginary line joining the springing points of either ends is called as springing line.

IS 962:1989 - Code of Practice for Architectural and Building Drawings

IS 1661:1972 – Code of practice for application of cement and cement-lime plaster finishes

IS 6313:2001 - Code of practice for Anti-Termite measures in buildings

IS 3103:1975 – Code of practice for industrial ventilation

The different types of walls are explained below:

Type of Wall	Meaning
Partition Wall	This wall divides the entire area of building into a number of component or segments to provide privacy. These are non-load bearing wall i.e. they do not resist any load.
Breast Walls	A breast wall is constructed to protect the natural sloping ground from the cutting action of natural agents. Breast walls also prevent slides of unreliable soils.
Retaining Walls	Gravity retaining walls use their weight to resist earth pressures.
Parapet walls	Parapet walls are used to prevent the spread of fires. Hence, also called fire walls.
Tension Wall	It is semi gravity type wall used to resist tension developed in walls.
Intermediate wall	It is load bearing wall constructed in between the columns to transfer load from slab to foundation.

Dog-legged stairs: This name is given because of its appearance in sectional elevation.

It comes under the category of newel stairs in which newel posts are provided at the beginning and end of each flight as it turns by 180° at the middle of its height.

Hence, it is also known as Newel half turns stairs.

The window provided on the sloping roof of a building is called dormer window.

Confusion Point:

Skylight window are also provided along the sloped roof for light and ventilation purpose, but sometimes they are also provided along flat roof and vertical walls.

∴ Most appropriate answer is dormer window.

Explanation:

Cork Flooring:

Cork is a natural and renewable material. It's harvested from the bark of cork oak trees, which are native to Spain, Portugal and Tunisia, and has been used in construction for centuries. These are some benefits:

• Healthy: Naturally resistant to termites and also anti-microbial.
• Safe: Fire resistant
• Comfortable: Natural thermal and acoustic insulator.
• Durable: It resists cracking and abrasions and is impermeable to gas and liquid.

Wooden flooring: 

Wood floors whether solid or engineered are highly durable and resistant to every day wear and tear. Due to them being natural products they hold the warmth much better than any man-made laminates, tiles or stone floors so under foot they are much more comfortable, especially in the colder months of the year.

Linoleum flooring:

Linoleum has been a popular choice for flooring in homes and business applications. It's widely known for its durability and versatility, and is among the most affordable options when it comes to floor coverings.

Glass flooring:

Glass floors are made with transparent glass when it is useful to view something from above or below; whereas translucent glass is used when there is no need to view through. In either case, toughened glass is usually chosen, for its durability and resistance to breakage

Explanations:

Shear wall: The requirements of this section apply to shear walls which are the part of the lateral force resisting system of the structure. The minimum thickness of any part of the wall shall not be less than 150 mm.

Reason:

As per IS 13920 : 1993, Clause No. 9.1.2, the minimum thickness is specified as 150 mm to avoid unusually thin sections. Very thin sections are susceptible to lateral instability in zones where inelastic cyclic loading may have to be sustained. 

Additional Information

Shear wall shall be provided with reinforcement in the longitudinal and transverse directions in the plane of the wall. The minimum reinforcement ratio shall be 0.0025 of the gross area in each direction. This reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across the cross section of the wall. 

Horns: It is the horizontal projection of the head or sill beyond the face of the frame. It facilitates the fixing of the frame on the wall opening and its length is about 100 to 150 mm.

Holdfasts: This is generally in the form of mild steel form bar. They are provided inside the frame and keeps the frame in position.

Jambs: The vertical wall face of an opening which supports the frame of doors and windows.

Rebates: The depression or recess made inside the door frame to receive the door shutter.

Explanation:

Jacketing:

It is a technique used to increase the strength of existing structural members (e.g. Columns, Beams, etc.) by providing a “Jacket” of additional material around the existing member. This additional material can be of several types e.g. concrete, steel or FRP, etc.

Grouting:

Grout is a dense fluid which is used to fill gaps or used as reinforcement in existing structures. It is generally a mixture of water, cement, and sand and is employed in pressure grouting, embedding rebar in masonry walls, connecting sections of pre-cast concrete, filling voids, and sealing joints such as those between tiles.

Process of grout application is known as grouting.

Plate Bonding:

Carbon fibre fabric/ steel plates used to strengthen the columns and beams using a wrapping technique is known as plate bonding. It requires detailed structural engineering and skilled works and supervision.

Single or multiple layers of uni or bi-directional fabric are impregnated with resin adhesive are applied to sections such as beams and columns to improve strength.

Micro concreting:

Micro concrete is a dry ready mix Cementitious based composition formulated for use in repairs of areas where the concrete is damaged & the area is restricted in movement making the placement of conventional concrete difficult., It is supplied as a ready to use dry powder which requires only addition of clean water at site to produce a free flowing non shrink repair micro concrete.