Which of the following is NOT an application of PCR?

Concept:

• PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction.
• It is the process of amplifying or making multiple copies of a desired fragment of DNA.
• It has wide applications in various fields involving genetic studies.

Important Points

Option 1: Paternity testing - CORRECT

• PCR is commonly used in paternity testing to compare DNA profiles between individuals and determine biological parentage.
• It allows for the amplification of specific regions of DNA for comparison and analysis.

Option 2: Detection of mutations of genes in suspected cancer patients - CORRECT

• PCR is frequently used in genetic testing to detect mutations in specific genes associated with cancer.
• By amplifying and analyzing DNA samples, PCR enables the identification of genetic alterations that may contribute to the development or progression of cancer.

Option 3: Powerful technique to identify genetic disorders - CORRECT

• PCR is extensively employed in genetic diagnosis to identify various genetic disorders.
• It allows for the detection of specific genetic mutations associated with inherited diseases, providing valuable information for clinical management and genetic counseling.

Option 4: To cure ADA (adenosine deaminase) deficiency - INCORRECT

• PCR is not directly involved in the cure or treatment of genetic disorders such as ADA deficiency.
• ADA deficiency is a rare genetic disorder that affects the immune system and requires specialized medical interventions such as enzyme replacement therapy or bone marrow transplantation.

Hence, option 4 is NOT an application of PCR.

Additional Information

• PCR is carried out by a thermostable DNA polymerase called Taq polymerase.
• This enzyme remains active at high temperatures because it is obtained from Thermus aquaticus which thrives in extreme conditions of hot springs.
• PCR involves 3 basic steps which are repeated in cycles such that we get about a billion copies of the DNA in 30 cycles.
• The steps are:
  • DNA Denaturation
  • Primer Annealing
  • Primer Extension