Which of the following best describes the role of a Time-of-Day (ToD) Tariff in energy conservation?

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  1.  It applies only to industrial consumers and has no impact on residential users.
  2. It eliminates the need for load management by ensuring a constant energy supply. 
  3. It increases electricity costs uniformly throughout the day, regardless of demand variations
  4. It encourages consumers to shift electricity usage to off-peak hours, reducing peak demand and improving grid efficiency. 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : It encourages consumers to shift electricity usage to off-peak hours, reducing peak demand and improving grid efficiency. 
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The correct answer is option 4.

Time-of-Day (ToD) Tariff

A Time-of-Day (ToD) Tariff is a pricing scheme where electricity rates vary based on the time of day. During peak hours, electricity is more expensive, while during off-peak hours, it is cheaper. This encourages users to shift their electricity usage to times when demand is lower, leading to:

  • Reduced stress on the grid during peak hours
  • Better utilization of generation assets
  • Overall improvement in energy conservation and efficiency
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