What is the correct standard method used by a microbiologist for the storage of specimens such as urine, stool and swabs?

Explanation:

At 4°C (Refrigerator Storage):
Refrigeration at 4°C slows down the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms without completely halting their activity. This is crucial as it preserves the integrity of the sample until it can be processed. Refrigeration also prevents overgrowth of microorganisms that could interfere with the test results.

Why not other temperatures?

• -80°C (Option 1): Storing specimens at ultra-low temperatures like -80°C is used for long-term storage of specific biological materials (like blood or DNA samples) but is not suitable for routine microbiological specimens like urine or stool, as it can alter or damage some microbial organisms.
• Room temperature (25°C, Option 3): Storing specimens at room temperature can lead to the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other organisms, which may affect the sample's accuracy, especially if there is a delay in processing.
• Body temperature (37°C, Option 4): Storing samples at 37°C encourages rapid bacterial growth, which can cause contamination and overgrowth, potentially distorting test results.