On the basis of kinetic theory of gases, the gas exerts pressure because its molecules :

CONCEPT:

Pressure is defined as the ratio of the force applied to the object by the area of the surface around that point.

\(P=\frac{F}{A}\)

P  is the pressure, F is force and A is the area of the surface.

According to Newton's second law, force is defined as the rate of change in momentum and is written as;

F = ma

F is the force, m is the mass and a is the acceleration.

EXPLANATION:

As we know, the pressure is,

\(P=\frac{F}{A}\)

As we know the molecules are always in a state of random motion. When the particle is in motion they start to collide with the walls of the container. Due to the collision, the particles start the change of momentum.

According to Newton's second law, force is defined as the rate of change in momentum, and when these molecules experience a force and these forces are equal and opposite to the wall of the container. The gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container because due to the force, it starts transferring the momentum of the walls.

Hence, option 4) is the correct answer.