If the specific gravity of the soil is G and the void ratio is e, the hydraulic gradient will be expressed as:

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OSSC JE Civil Mains Official Paper: (Held On: 16th July 2023)
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  1. \(\frac{G-1}{1+e} \)
  2. \(\frac{1-G}{1+e}\)
  3. \(\frac{G+1}{1-e}\)
  4. \(\frac{G+1}{1+e}\)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : \(\frac{G-1}{1+e} \)
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Detailed Solution

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Concept:

Critical hydraulic gradient (ic): The quick condition occurs at a critical upward hydraulic gradient ic, when the seepage force just balances the buoyant weight of an element of soil. The critical hydraulic gradient is typically around 1.0 for many soils.

At the critical conditions, the effective stress is equal to zero.

Critical hydraulic gradient,

∴ \({{\rm{i}}_{\rm{c}}} = \frac{{{\rm{G}} - 1}}{{1 + e}} \)

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