Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The conceptual variable to be converted into a scientifically researchable variable involves redefining the abstraction of a conceptual variable into an empirical one.

Statement II: Clear and detailed procedures and instruments to make the actual observations should be specified so that other researchers/scientists do not duplicate the observations.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Key Points

•  Conceptual variables are abstract concepts that cannot be directly observed. To make them scientifically researchable, they must be redefined into empirical variables that can be measured.
• This can be done by developing operational definitions, specific procedures for measuring the conceptual variable.

Hence Statement I: is true.

Statement II: Clear and detailed procedures and instruments to make the actual observations should be specified so that other researchers/scientists do not duplicate the observations.

•  While providing clear and detailed procedures and instruments for making observations is important, this is not to prevent other researchers from duplicating the observations.
• On the contrary, it is important to make the procedures and instruments as public as possible so that other researchers can replicate the study and verify the findings.
• Replication is an important part of the scientific process. It allows researchers to check the accuracy of a study's findings and build confidence in the results. By providing clear and detailed procedures and instruments, researchers make it easier for other researchers to replicate their studies.

Hence Statement II: is false.

Therefore, the correct answer is 3) Statement I is true but Statement II is false.