For the thermodynamic heat pump, heat flows from:

CONCEPT:

Heat pump:

• A heat pump is a device that maintains a system or a body at a temperature higher than the surrounding temperature.
• In the heat pump, the heat is removed from the low-temperature body and is added to the high-temperature body.
• Generally, the surrounding atmosphere acts as the low-temperature body for a heat pump.

EXPLANATION:

• A heat pump is a device that maintains a system or a body at a temperature higher than the surrounding temperature.
• In the heat pump, the heat is removed from the low-temperature body and is added to the high-temperature body. Hence, option 2 is correct.

Additional Information

​Coefficient of Performance:

• The coefficient of performance is defined as the ratio of the desired output to the work input.
• The coefficient of performance of a heat pump is given as,

\(⇒ COP_{HP}=\frac{Q_{H}}{W}=\frac{Q_{H}}{Q_{H}-Q_{L}}=\frac{T_{H}}{T_{H}-T_{L}}\)

Where QL = heat removed from the surrounding, QH = heat given to the system, W = work input, TH = temperature of the system, and TL = temperature of the surrounding