Consider the following statements regarding Regenerative Braking System:

Statement I: Regenerative braking converts the kinetic energy lost during braking into electrical energy, which can be stored and reused to power the vehicle.

Statement II:In regenerative braking, the vehicle’s electric motor functions as a generator, allowing energy recovery instead of dissipating it as heat.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.
  2. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.
  3. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
  4. Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct.

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.

Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

Energy Recovery in Braking:

  • Unlike traditional braking systems, where kinetic energy is converted into heat and lost, regenerative braking captures this energy and stores it as electrical energy for later use.
    • Hence, Statement I is correct.
  • Role of the Electric Motor:

    • The electric motor in a regenerative braking system operates in reverse during braking, acting as a generator that converts the vehicle’s kinetic energy into electricity.
    • This recovered energy is stored in the vehicle’s battery or supercapacitor for future use.
      • Hence, Statement II is correct, and it explains Statement I.

Additional Information

Advantages of Regenerative Braking:

  • Improves energy efficiency by reducing power wastage.
  • Reduces wear and tear on friction brakes, lowering maintenance costs.
  • Helps in reducing emissions by minimizing energy loss as heat.

Limitations:

  • Less effective at low speeds due to reduced kinetic energy.
  • Cannot fully replace conventional brakes and must be supplemented with traditional braking systems.
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