Consider the following statements about Small Modular Reactors (SMRs):

1. SMRs are large nuclear reactors with a capacity exceeding 1,000 MW, designed to replace traditional Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs).

2. SMRs can only be installed in newly constructed facilities, not in decommissioned thermal power plants.

3. SMRs primarily use high-enriched uranium, which poses greater proliferation risks.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• SMRs are compact nuclear reactors with a capacity of up to 300 MW, not exceeding 1,000 MW, and are designed to complement rather than replace traditional NPPs. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• SMRs can be installed in decommissioned thermal power plants, making them flexible in terms of installation sites. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• SMRs use low-enriched uranium, which enhances safety and minimizes proliferation risks. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
• Advantages: SMRs offer enhanced safety features, cost-effective installation, and the potential to generate clean, reliable energy with reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
• Global Context: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) supports the expansion of SMRs to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.