Bricks and Mortar MCQ Quiz in తెలుగు - Objective Question with Answer for Bricks and Mortar - ముఫ్త్ [PDF] డౌన్‌లోడ్ కరెన్

Sedimentary Rocks ⇒ Rocks formed by accumulation, compaction, and consolidation of sediments are sedimentary rocks. It is also known as secondary rocks.

Examples: Breccia, Limestone, Sandstone, Shale

Metamorphic Rocks ⇒ Rocks formed due to metamorphism (process responsible for all the changes that take place in an original rock under the influence of changes in the surrounding, conditions of temperature and pressure) are known as metamorphic rocks.

Examples: Quartzite, Marble, Slate, Phyllite, Schist, Gneiss

Igneous Rock ⇒ Rocks formed due to cooling or solidification of magma or lava is known as igneous rocks.

There are two types of igneous rocks:

Intrusive Igneous Rocks → These rocks are formed due to cooling/solidification of magma within the crust of a planet. It is also known as Plutonic Rock.

Examples: Dike, Sill, Granite, Laccolith, Pegmatite, etc.

Extrusive Igneous Rocks → These rocks are formed due to cooling/solidification of magma at the crust’s surface. It cools faster than the intrusive one.

Explanation:

Heavy mortar: The mortar having bulk density of 15 kN/m³ or more are known as the heavy mortar and they are prepared from heavy quartz or other sands.

Lightweight mortar: If unit weight of mortar is less than 15 kN/m³ then it is called Light weight mortar. It is the type of mortar which is prepared by mixing sawdust, rice husk, and jute fibres along with sand and lime or cement.

The use of heavy or lightweight mortar depends on the specific application and the desired properties of the final construction. Heavyweight mortar is used for heavy-duty structures that require high-density materials and greater strength, while the lightweight mortar is used for structures where weight is a concern and insulation properties are desired.

Explanation

Composition of good brick earth:

1) Silica

A good brick earth should contain 50 – 60% of silica.

It prevents cracking, shrinking and wrapping of raw bricks.

Silica imparts uniform shape to the bricks.

Excess of silica make the bricks brittle.

2) Alumina

A good brick earth should contain 20 – 30% of Alumina.

Alumina imparts plasticity to the earth, so that it can be moulded.

If it is excess raw bricks shrink and wrap during drying and burning.

3) Lime

It should not be greater than 5% for good bricks

4) Iron oxides

It should be in the range of 5 – 6% for the good bricks.

5) Magnesia

It imparts colour to the brick.

It also deceases shrinkage in the bricks.

Rubble masonry: Rubble masonry is the type of stone masonry in which either undressed or hammer dressed stones are used. The stone used for rubble masonry must be hard to resist the weathering action of the environment around.

Various types of rubble masonry are as follows:

Dry Rubble masonry: The rubble masonry in which stones are laid without using any mortar is called dry rubble masonry or sometimes shortly as "dry stones". It is an ordinary masonry and is recommended for constructing walls of height not more than 6 m. In case the height is more, three adjacent courses are laid in squared rubble masonry mortar at 3 m intervals. This type of masonry is used in the construction of retaining walls, pitching earthen dams and canal slopes in the form of random rubble masonry.

Flint rubble masonry: This type of masonry is used in the areas where the flint is available in plenty. The flintstones varying in thickness from 8 to 15 cm and in length from 15 to 30 cm.

Polygonal rubble masonry: In this type of masonry the stones are roughly dressed to an irregular polygonal shape. The stones should be so arranged so as to avoid long vertical joints in face work and to break joints as much as possible.

Explanation:

The composition of good brick earth:

1) Silica

• Good brick earth should contain 50 – 60% of silica.
• It prevents cracking, shrinking and wrapping of raw bricks.
• Silica imparts uniform shape to the bricks.
• Excess of silica makes the bricks brittle.

2) Alumina

• Good brick earth should contain 20 – 30% of Alumina.
• Alumina imparts plasticity to the earth so that it can be moulded.
• If it is excess raw bricks shrink and warp during drying and burning.

3) Lime

• It should not be greater than 5% for good bricks

4) Iron oxides

• It should be in the range of 5 – 6% for the good bricks.
• It imparts colour to the brick.

5) Magnesia

• It imparts color to the brick.
• It also decreases shrinkage in the bricks.

Explanation:

Types of brick masonry bonds:

Explanation:

Classification of various brick cuts used in brick masonry is given in following table.

Explanation:

Neutral refractory Bricks:

(i) It consists of chromite bricks (50% percent chrome and iron ore containing 30% iron oxide and bauxite containing 25% aluminum and 5% silica), chrome magnesite bricks, spinel, and forsterite bricks.

(ii) The neutral refractory bricks are suitable at places where acidic and basic linings are to be separated, e.g. for lining copper reverberatory furnace.

(iii) The various types of neutral bricks are:

• Chrome bricks
• Chrome-magnesite bricks Spinel
• Forsterite bricks

Additional Information

Explanation

An attrition test is a test which is carried out to measure the rate of wear of a granular material.

One of the best examples of a material subjected to an attrition test are stones used in road construction, indicating the resistance of the material to being broken down under road traffic.

Explanation:Tolerance limit of the size of the brick:

• Each class of brick is further classified into subclass A and B on the tolerances and shape. Subclass A bricks should have smooth rectangular faces with sharp corners and uniform color, while Subclass B bricks have slightly distorted and round edges.