Transport Layer MCQ Quiz in தமிழ் - Objective Question with Answer for Transport Layer - இலவச PDF ஐப் பதிவிறக்கவும்

Concept:

Stateless Protocols are the type of network protocols in which the client sends the request to the server and server response back according to the current state.

It does not require the server to retain session information or status about each communicating partner for multiple requests.

Explanation:

Application Layer protocol: HTTP and DNS

Transport Layer protocol: TCP and UDP

Stateless protocol: HTTP, UDP, DNS

Therefore, UDP is a stateless transport layer protocol

Important Point:

UDP is an unreliable connectionless-transport layer Protocol used for its simplicity and efficiency in applications where error can be provided by the application layer

UDP provided process-to-process communication

Concept:

Stateless protocols: A stateless protocol does not require the server to retain session information or status about each communicating partner for the duration of multiple requests. Each request is treated as an independent transaction.

Stateful protocols: A protocol that requires keeping of the internal state on the server is known as stateful protocol.

Explanation:

HTTP: Hypertext transfer protocol is a stateless protocol. No information is maintained by server in this protocol.

FTP: File transfer protocol is a stateful protocol. It remembers all the log files corresponding to the client.

TCP: Transfer control protocol is not an application layer protocol. TCP works at transport layer.

POP3: It is a client/ server protocol in which e-mail is received and held by the internet server. It is a stateful application layer protocol.

Therefore, option 3 is correct

TCP/IP model:

The correct answer is a Transport layer

Important Points

Key Points

• ICMP is mainly used for error reporting and diagnostic purposes.
• It is an integral part of the Internet Protocol Suite, used by network devices to send error messages and operational information.
• ICMP messages are typically used for network diagnostics, such as the "ping" command.
• One of the key messages in ICMP is the redirect message, which informs a host that there is a better route available for a particular destination.

Additional Information

• ICMP does not report all errors during transmission. It primarily deals with issues like unreachable destinations, routing issues, and network diagnostics.
• ICMP "destination unreachable" messages are used when a packet cannot be delivered to its destination.
• Routers use ICMP to inform hosts of network issues, but it does not handle path correction directly; that is typically the role of routing protocols.

Correct answer is Option 2

Explanation:The Transport Layer in the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible for end-to-end delivery over a network.

Transport Layer uses some standard protocols to enhance its functionalities are

• TCP(Transmission Control Protocol),
• UDP( User Datagram Protocol),
• DCCP( Datagram Congestion Control Protocol), etc.

Functions of the transport layer

1. Service-point addressing
2. Segmentation and Reassembly
3. Connection Control
4. Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
5. Flow control Error Control

User Datagram Protocol:

• UDP is a connectionless and unreliable transport protocol.
• The two ports serve to identify the end points within the source and destination machines.
• User Datagram Protocol is used, in place of TCP, when a reliable delivery is not required. However, UDP is never used to send important data such as web-pages, database information, etc.
• Streaming media such as video, audio and others use UDP because it offers speed.
• UDP packet's called as user datagrams with 8 bytes header. In the user datagrams first 8 bytes contains header information and the remaining bytes contains data.

UDP vs TCP

The reason UDP is faster than TCP is because there is no form of flow control. No error checking, error correction, or acknowledgment is done by UDP.UDP is only concerned with speed. So when, the data sent over the Internet is affected by collisions, and errors will be present.

Explanation:

A user datagram is a part of in an IP datagram.

Therefore, Length of IP = Length of IP header + Length of UDP

Anwer range 34 to 35

Calculation:

1 Gb → 1 second

\(1b \to \frac{1}{{1 \times {{10}^9}\;}}\;seconds\)

\(8b \to \frac{8}{{1 \times {{10}^9}\;}}\;seconds\)

\(1\;B \to \frac{8}{{1 \times {{10}^9}\;}}\;seconds\)

Sequence number = 32 bits

And since it counts every byte

\(2^{32}\;B \to \frac{2^{32}\times 8}{{1 \times {{10}^9}\;}}\;seconds\)

\({2^{32}}B \to 34.3597\;seconds\)

The minimum time before this sequence number can be used again in 35 seconds.

Confusion Points

Since to repeat a sequence number time > 34 seconds and hence the closest integer should be 35 seconds

but in the question, it is given to rounding to the closest integer (34.3597 ≈ 34 ).

The correct answer is option 1.

Concept:

TCP connection:

TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, and connection establishment is required for all connection-oriented protocols in order to reserve resources at both communicating ends.

• TCP connection specifies the communication process on the two end systems.
• A port number can be used to identify a specific system to which a Web request or other communication request will be sent when it arrives at a server.
• The port represents the end of a logical connection and the direction a server programme points to identify a specific server programme on a network device.

Hence the correct answer is It specifies the communication process on the two end systems.

The correct option is 1) Transport Layer

Concept:-

Transport Layer:-

This layer is responsible for the overall end-to-end validity and integrity of the transmission i.e., it ensures that data is successfully sent and received between two computers. Specifically, it provides a network-independent, reliable message-independent, reliable message-interchange service to the top three application-oriented layers.

Key Points

• Transport Layer acts as an interface between the bottom and top three layers.
• The Transport layer in the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model is responsible for end-to-end delivery over a network.
• The Transport layer controls the reliability of a given link through flow control, segmentation and desegmentation, and error control.
• If data is sent incorrectly, this layer has the responsibility of asking for retransmission of the data.

Additional InformationNetwork layer:- The network layer establishes the route between the sending and receiving stations. The unit of data at the network layer is called a packet. It provides network routing and flow and congestion functions across the computer-network interfaces.

Session layer:- The session layer decides when to turn communication on and off between two computers. It provides the mechanism that controls the data-exchange process and coordinates the interaction between them in an orderly manner.

Presentation Layer:- The presentation layer performs code conversion and data reformatting. It is the translator of the network; it makes sure the data is in the correct form for the receiving application.

Concept:

• The layers responsible for network-level support – Physical, Data link, and Network layer
• The layers responsible for user-level support – Session, Presentation, and Application layer
• Hence, transport layer links these layers by segmenting and rearranging data.
• For achieving this, it uses protocols such as TCP and UDP.