Training and Fitness test MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Training and Fitness test - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is Medio-lateral axis.

Key Points

• Medio-lateral axis:
  • It passes left to right (laterally) through the center of the body.
  • Also known as frontal axis.
  • Perpendicular to the sagittal plane.
  • Helps to perform flexion-extension

Additional Information

There are 3 planes:

• Sagittal plane:
  • Divides the body into a right half and a left half.
  • Responsible for forward and backward movements like flexion-extension, forward and backward running, and back and front roll.
• Frontal plane:
  • Divides the body into the back half and front half.
  • Responsible for sideward movements like adduction-abduction, side running, etc.
• Transverse plane:
  • Divides the body into the upper half and lower half.
  • Responsible for rotational movements like spinning.

Three types of axis:

• Medio-lateral axis:
  • Passes from side to side through the middle of the body.
  • Perpendicular to the sagittal plane.
  • Responsible in forward and backward movements.
• Anterio-posterior axis:
  • Passes from front to back
  • Perpendicular to the frontal plane
  • Responsible for sideward movements
• Vertical axis:
  • Passes from top to bottom
  • Perpendicular to the transverse plane.
  • Responsible for rotatory movements.

The correct answer is A, B, and C. 

Key Points

• Nadi is a Sanskrit word that can be translated as “tube,” “channel” or “flow.” It refers to the network of channels through which energy travels through the body.
• In traditional Indian medicine and spiritual theory, the energies such as the prana of the physical body, the subtle body, and the causal body are said to flow through the subtle pathways known as Nadi.

Important Points There are three principal nadis that weave through the spinal cord and the intense energy centers known as chakras .

• Ida Nadi ( left Channel ) 
  • The Ida Nadi begins at the Muladhara Chakra and then, ends at the left nostril, and is said to activate the left brain. This can promote feelings of emotion and love, as it brings lunar and cooling energy to the brain.
• Pingala Nadi ( Right Channel )
  • Pingala Nadi promotes perception and analysis, begins on the right side and ends at the right nostril. It’s also known as solar, or heating energy.
• Sushumna Nadi ( Central Channel )
  • This Nadi is the central Nadi that flows prana to the other nadis around the body.

The correct answer is  I, II, and III.

Key Points

• Strength is the ability to overcome resistance or to act against resistance.
• Strength is the most important conditional ability. Development of strength also contributes to indirect improvement in motor ability, applying technique and strategy. 

Additional Information

• The motor ability helps in specific movements of the body's muscles to perform any physical movement. 
• The technique is the mechanical model of doing any task through which an athlete minimizes his energy expenditure and produces remarkable output.
• Strategy is the overall plan of a sportsperson to successfully participate in the competition. 

Thus, Strength is an important part of motor ability, technical skill, and strategic action.

Concept:

Technical Training:

• The aim of technical preparation is to create and improve sports skills.
• Each sports skill has a given way of solving a motor task (contents of a sports skill) in accordance with the rules of a given sport, biomechanical rules, and locomotive possibilities of the athlete which are referred to as technique.
• Specific individual adjustment of technique by an athlete is referred to as style. 

Explanation:

More about technical training:

• Technical training enables the sportsman to make the optimum and best use of their physical abilities during the sports competition.
• Technical training helps to achieve the skill of a particular sport which is directly related to the sports performance because the higher the level of technical skill higher will be the performance.
• In order to acquire mastery over the skill one should regularly participate in technical training because it ensures the perfection of skill which helps to attain high performance in sports competition.
• Its improvement can be termed conscious improvement.
• Technical mastery over the skill also ensures the proper application of motor abilities which reduces the efforts energy consumption during the competition.

Thus, technical training of sports skills with the aim of achieving the highest efficiency in competition is called Conscious Improvement.

Concept:

• Physical fitness is the ability of well-being to perform day-to-day activities.
• This can be achieved through vigorous physical exercise, proper nutrition, and sufficient rest. 
• Physical fitness can be categorized into two categories:
  • Health-related physical fitness is important for the health and performance of daily functional activities
  • Performance-related physical fitness is the combination of motor and skill-related fitness and is also important for better health.

Explanation:

There are five components of health-related physical fitness:

• Muscular Strength:
  • ​The ability of the muscle to exert maximal force against resistance.
• Endurance:
  • The ability of the muscle to exert continuous force against resistance or sustain muscular contraction.
• Flexibility:
  • The ability of the joint to move around in a full range of motion.
  • It is an essential component that prevents injury and ensures smooth and efficient movements.
• Body Composition:
  • It refers to the amount of fat-free mass (muscle mass) and fat mass in the body.
  • The ratio of fat and fat-free mass is an indicator of health.
• Cardiovascular Endurance: 
  • ​Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the heart, vessels, and lungs to deliver oxygen to the working
    muscles and removal of waste products during activity.​

Thus, body composition is a component of health-related physical fitness.

Additional Information

Components of performance-related physical fitness are:

• Reaction Ability: Ability to quickly and purposefully do a group of movements with better quality and effect.
• Agility: The ability to move joints through a full range of motion is known as agility.
• Speed: Ability to complete the task in the minimum possible time. 
• Endurance: Ability of the muscle to do an activity, for a long duration continuously with desired speed without fatigue.
• Strength: Ability of the muscle to act or overcome the resistance; resistance may be against a person or an object.

Explanation:

Goniometer:

• A goniometer is a device for an anthropometry test.
• Tests of anthropometry include measurements of body size, structure, and composition. 
• It is valid test equipment.
• Human flexibility is measured with the help of a Goniometer.
• A goniometer is an instrument with two measuring scales connected to one point.
• A goniometer is a tool used to measure the range of motion of various joints around the body.
• It is a useful tool for measuring the flexibility of a joint.
• It is commonly used by physiotherapists, physicians, physical therapists, physiologists, athletic trainers, chiropractors, and sports scientists.

Thus, Goniometer measures Flexibility.

Additional Information:

• Strength is measured with the help of dynamometers, The Martin-Vigorimeter, etc.
• Endurance is measured by dynamometers.

If an individual is not suffering from any perceptible disease, then he is considered physically fit. Physical fitness, therefore, needs to be appreciated in full measure. The common perception of physical fitness is the absence of an ailment. Key Points

• Coordination is the ability to use the senses together
  with body parts during movement. Muscle coordination refers to using muscles of different parts of a body to complete a specific task.
• Strength is normally understood as the ability of the
  muscle or group of muscles of an individual to exert force against resistance. It is very important to be strong to maintain physical fitness.
• Motion is nothing but moving from one place to another whether it be the whole body or parts of the body, the motion also keeps humans physically fit.
• Endurance is to resist all the fatigues and remain active for a long period.

Hence, we can conclude that all endurance, strength, motion, and muscle coordination are components of fitness.

The correct answer is I, III, IV, and II

Key Points

Standardized test:

• Standardized test is a test that is valid and consistent in the score.
• It is used to evaluate the effectiveness and performance of students.
• Standardized tests are designed by experts.

Four steps for preparing for a standardized test are:

• Preparation of the preliminary form:
  • Preliminary: it means the things which are done prior.
  • To develop any standardized test systematic planning is necessary before constructing any test.
  • A blueprint should be made for developing the test.
  • Preliminary assessment of the test should be done.
• Testing of validity:
  • Validity: validity refers to whether a test is measuring what it is supposed to measure.
  • Validity of the test should be measured so that the test results better or the test measure the content that it is actually made for.
  • Validity tells the characteristics of a test.
  • There are different types of validity:
    • Face validity
    • Content validity
    • Construct validity
    • Internal validity
• Testing of Reliability:
  • Reliability: Reliability refers to the consistency of the scores.
  • Testing of reliability is important after constructing the test because the test should be consistent.
  • The more consistent the test is the fewer chances of error.
  • Without good reliability, it is difficult to trust that the data is accurate or not.
• Preparation of the final form:
  • Test should be launched after checking all the parameters.
  • Before that a tester should do research before generalizing it.
  • Prepare the norms if needed in the test to compare the results.

The correct answer is Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Key Points

• A Standardized test is one in which norms have been established. 
  • A norm is an average score that measures achievement. So, every standardized test has norms.
  • The main aim of standardized tests is to ensure uniformity at every level.
• Johnson Basketball test is the oldest but most commonly used test and was constructed in 1934 by Johnson during his research work for his master's thesis.
  • This test is a battery of seven test items which includes three test items of basic skill and four items of potential basketball playing ability. 
  • This test is standardized because norms are clearly defined.

​​​Thus according to the above concept, the reason behind the assertion is not true.

The correct answer is Constant.

Key Points

• Isometric exercise is one of the methods of Improving Strength. 
• Since there are no movements, these are not visible.
• In Isometric exercises, an activity performed is not visible directly. 
• In these exercises, joint angle and muscle length do not change during contraction.
• The muscles remain stable even though these do not entirely stay constant.
• Examples of Isometric exercises are Side plank, glute bridge, and calf raise hold.

Thus, in Isometric exercise, there is no movement in the muscle so the answer will be constant.