Kushanas MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Kushanas - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is Kanishka.

Key PointsKanishka:

• He was a great ruler of the Kushana Dynasty.
• He minted a large number of Copper and Gold coins.
• He introduced coins having Buddha's figure and also engraved Sakhya Buddo below it.
• He assumed the title of Kaiser and Devaputhra by imitating Roman and Chinese Emperors.

Additional Information

Harsha:

• He was the prominent ruler of the Pushyabuthi Dynasty
• He had the titles of Rajaputhra and Siladithya.
• He organized Mahamoksha Parishad for every 5 years at Prayag.
• It is a Charitable program where he used to donate his entire wealth to the poor.
• He renounced Shaivism and embraced Mahayana Buddhism.

Ashoka:

• He was the son of Bindusara and the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya.
• He has issued many rock and pillar edicts
• His XIII th rock edict gives details of his Battle of Kalinga, and other major incidents.
• He appointed Dhammamahamattas to propagate Dhamma.
• He embraced Buddhism and he conducted the third Buddhist council
• It was held at Pataliputra and was presided over by Moggiliputta Tissa.

Chandraguptha:

• He is the founder of the Mauryan dynasty.
• He fought many battles with the governors appointed by Alexander and captured Northwest India
• Megasthanese was sent to his court as ambassador by Seleucus.
• He embraced Jainism and performed Sallekhana in his end times.

The origin of Indian art can be traced to prehistoric settlements in the 3rd millennium BC. On its way to modern times, Indian art has had cultural influences, as well as religious influences such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, and Islam.

Key Points

• Kushana art, the art of the Kushana Empire in northern India, flourished between the 1st and the 4th century CE.
• It blended the traditions of the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara, influenced by Hellenistic artistic canons, and the more Indian art of Mathura. 
• Kushana art follows the Hellenistic art of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom as well as Indo-Greek art which had been flourishing between the 3rd century BCE and 1st century CE in Bactria and northwestern India. 
• Some traces remain of the presence of the Kushans in the areas of Bactria and Sogdiana.
• Archaeological structures are known in Takht-I-Sangin, Surkh Kotal (a monumental temple), and the palace of Khalchayan.
• Various sculptures and friezes are known, representing horse-riding archers, and, significantly, men with artificially deformed skulls, such as the Kushana prince of Khalchayan (a practice well attested in nomadic Central Asia).
• With the demise of the Kushanas in the 4th century CE, the native Indian Gupta Empire prevailed, and Gupta art developed.

Hence, the correct answer is Art.

The correct answer is Only A.

Key Points

• Kushanas originally belonged to the regions of western China.
• They are also known as the 'Yuehchis'.
• The Kushanas defeated the Shakas and Parthinians and went on to create a big empire in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Northern parts of India.
• The best-known of the rulers who controlled the Silk Route was the Kushana, who ruled over central Asia and northwest India around 2000 years ago. Hence, statement (A) is incorrect.
• During their rule, a branch of the Silk Route extended from Central Asia down to the seaports at the mouth of the river Indus, from where silk was shipped westwards to the Roman Empire. Hence, statement (B) is correct.
• The Kushanas were amongst the earliest rulers of the subcontinent to issue gold coins. Hence, statement (C) is correct.

 Thus, we can say that the best-known of the rulers who controlled the Silk Route was the Kushanas, who ruled over Central Asia and northwest India around 2000 years ago.

The correct answer is 'Kanishka'

Key Points

• Kanishka:
  • Kanishka was a prominent ruler of the Kushan dynasty in the 2nd century CE.
  • He is well-known for his patronage of Buddhism and the arts.
  • Asvaghosha and Vasumitra were notable Buddhist scholars and philosophers who flourished under his reign.
  • Asvaghosha is considered one of the greatest Indian poets and is known for his works such as "Buddhacharita" and "Saundarananda."
  • Vasumitra was a significant figure in the Buddhist community, contributing to the Fourth Buddhist Council convened by Kanishka.

Additional Information

• Chandragupta II:
  • Chandragupta II, also known as Vikramaditya, was a ruler of the Gupta Empire in the 4th and 5th centuries CE.
  • He is known for his support of arts and culture, but not specifically for patronizing Asvaghosha and Vasumitra.
• Harshavardhan:
  • Harshavardhan was an Indian emperor who ruled North India in the 7th century CE.
  • He was a patron of arts and Buddhism, but Asvaghosha and Vasumitra were not associated with his court.
• Pulakeshin:
  • Pulakeshin II was a ruler of the Chalukya dynasty in the 7th century CE.
  • He is known for his military conquests and administration, but there is no record of his patronage of Asvaghosha and Vasumitra.

The correct answer is - Kanishka

Key Points

• Kanishka
  • Kanishka was a prominent ruler of the Kushan dynasty in the 2nd century CE.
  • He is renowned for his support and patronage of Buddhism.
  • During his reign, the Mahayana branch of Buddhism came into existence, which emphasized the path of the Bodhisattva and the concept of the Buddha as a transcendent being.
  • Kanishka's council, often referred to as the Fourth Buddhist Council, played a crucial role in the development and spread of Mahayana Buddhism.

Additional Information

• Pushyamitra
  • Founder of the Shunga dynasty and known for his initial support of Brahmanism.
  • His reign is often associated with the decline of Buddhism in some regions due to his Brahmanical revival policies.
• Brahadratha
  • The last ruler of the Maurya dynasty, he was overthrown by his general Pushyamitra Shunga.
  • His reign marked the end of the Mauryan Empire and has limited association with the development of Buddhism.
• Agnimitra
  • Son of Pushyamitra Shunga and the second ruler of the Shunga dynasty.
  • His reign continued the policies of his father, but there is no significant contribution to Buddhism during his rule.

The correct answer is - Kushana rulers

Key Points

• Kushana rulers
  • The Kushanas were a dynasty that ruled over the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, Central Asia, and China from the 1st to the 3rd century CE.
  • The most famous Kushana ruler was Kanishka I, who is known for his military, political, and spiritual achievements.
  • Kushana rulers adopted the title "Devputra," which means "Son of God." This title was used to emphasize their divine right to rule and to associate themselves with divine power.
  • Kanishka's reign is particularly noted for the flourishing of the arts, culture, and the spread of Buddhism.

Additional Information

• Maurya rulers
  • The Maurya Empire was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BCE and reached its zenith under Ashoka the Great.
  • They are known for their centralized administration and spread of Buddhism under Ashoka.
• Saka rulers
  • The Sakas, also known as the Indo-Scythians, were a group of nomadic tribes who invaded and settled in parts of the Indian subcontinent.
  • They are known for their contributions to the culture and politics of the regions they controlled.
• Satavahana rulers
  • The Satavahana dynasty ruled the Deccan region of India from around the 1st century BCE to the 2nd century CE.
  • They are known for their patronage of Buddhism and the construction of significant Buddhist monuments.

The correct answer is: 'A) Only 1, 2, and 3'.

Key Points

• The Silk Road led to significant religious exchanges, such as the spread of Buddhism to China.
  • This statement is correct.
  • The Silk Road facilitated the spread of Buddhism from India to Central Asia and China, where it became widely practiced. Monks and pilgrims traveled along these routes, carrying Buddhist texts and teachings.
  • Buddhist missionaries and traders played a key role in establishing monasteries along the Silk Road, promoting religious and cultural exchanges between diverse regions.
• Greek influence on Gandhara art in India was facilitated by Silk Road trade.
  • This statement is correct.
  • The Silk Road enabled the exchange of artistic styles, leading to the development of Gandhara art in ancient India. This art style combined Greek and local Indian influences, particularly in depictions of the Buddha with Hellenistic artistic elements.
  • Greek settlers and artisans brought their artistic techniques to regions along the Silk Road, influencing the cultural and aesthetic expressions in the Gandhara region.
• Diseases like the Black Death are believed to have spread to Europe via the Silk Road.
  • This statement is correct.
  • The Silk Road facilitated not only trade and cultural exchanges but also the transmission of diseases across continents. It is believed that the bubonic plague, which led to the Black Death in Europe, traveled from Asia to Europe through these trade routes.
  • Caravans and traders unknowingly transported infected rodents and fleas along the Silk Road, contributing to the spread of the plague.

Incorrect Statements

• The Silk Road was primarily used for trading luxury goods and had minimal cultural influence.
  • This statement is incorrect.
  • While the Silk Road was indeed a major route for trading luxury goods like silk, spices, and precious stones, it also had a profound cultural influence by connecting diverse civilizations across Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.
  • Through these routes, cultures exchanged knowledge, religious beliefs, technologies, and art, making the Silk Road a significant catalyst for cultural exchange and interaction.

Hence, Statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct, while Statement 4 is incorrect.

Additional Information

• Significance of the Silk Road:
  • Cultural Exchange: The Silk Road was instrumental in spreading cultural practices, religious ideas, art forms, and scientific knowledge between East and West.
  • Technological Transfer: Innovations like papermaking and gunpowder traveled along the Silk Road, eventually reaching Europe and other regions.
  • Economic Impact: The Silk Road facilitated the trading of luxury items, which significantly boosted the economies of various empires and kingdoms along its route.

The correct answer is - Mahasen

Key Points

• Coins of Kushana King Kanishka I
  • Kanishka I issued coins depicting various deities from multiple religious traditions.
  • These included deities like Nana, Mao, and Oesho, which reflected his eclectic and cosmopolitan approach to religion.
  • The deity Mahasen is not depicted on the coins issued by Kanishka I, making it the correct answer.
  • It is important to note that Kanishka's coins were inscribed in Greek and Kharoshthi scripts, showcasing the cultural interactions during his reign.

Additional Information

• Kanishka I and His Coins
  • Kanishka I was one of the most significant rulers of the Kushana dynasty, known for his patronage of Buddhism and other religions.
  • His coins were unique as they depicted deities from Greek, Iranian, and Indian traditions, reflecting the syncretic nature of his empire.
  • Examples of deities depicted on his coins include:
    • Nana - A Central Asian goddess associated with fertility.
    • Mao - The moon god from Zoroastrian tradition.
    • Oesho - A representation of Shiva, indicating Kanishka's inclusion of Indian religious elements.
• Significance of Kushana Coinage
  • Kushana coins are valuable sources of historical information, illustrating the religious diversity and cultural interactions during the Kushana period.
  • They provide insights into the political, economic, and religious policies of Kanishka I and other rulers.
  • The use of Greek and Kharoshthi scripts reflects the multilingual nature of the empire.

The correct answer is - Huvishka

Key Points

• Huvishka was a prominent Kushana king known for his contributions to art, culture, and religion during his reign.
• The coins issued by Huvishka are significant sources of historical information. They feature depictions of various deities and religious symbols.
• His coins confirm Mahasen, Skandakumar, and Vishakh as three distinct deities associated with the Kushana dynasty’s religious practices.
• These representations highlight the syncretic nature of Kushana religion, blending elements of Indian, Greek, and Central Asian traditions.
• The inclusion of these deities on Huvishka’s coins demonstrates his patronage of Buddhism and other local faiths, which were prevalent during the Kushana period.

Additional Information

• Kushana Coinage
  • The Kushanas were one of the first Indian dynasties to issue gold coins extensively, reflecting their economic prosperity.
  • Coins often featured rulers on one side and deities on the other, showcasing the dynasty’s political and religious affiliations.
  • Huvishka’s coins are particularly notable for their artistic quality and depiction of deities from multiple pantheons, including Indian and Greco-Roman traditions.
• Syncretism in Kushana Religion
  • The Kushanas were known for their religious syncretism, blending elements of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Greco-Roman traditions.
  • Deities like Mahasen, Skandakumar, and Vishakh reflect the influence of local Indian traditions on Kushana religious practices.
  • Huvishka’s coins provide valuable insights into the religious diversity and cultural interactions of the Kushana period.
• Historical Significance of Kushana Coins
  • Kushana coins are critical for understanding the dynasty’s political, economic, and cultural history.
  • They serve as primary sources for reconstructing the chronology of Kushana rulers and their administrative policies.
  • These coins also highlight the interconnectedness of the Kushana Empire with other contemporary civilizations, such as the Roman Empire and Central Asian kingdoms.

The correct answer is 1, and 2.

Key Points Kushanas

• The Kushans, also known as the Kuei-Shang, were a great Yueh-chi (tribes) principality.
• Kadphises I unified these five regions into the Kushan Empire during the first century CE. 
• The Kushan movement in India dates all the way back to Kadphises I’s rule in the first century after Christ.
• The founder of the Kushan dynasty was Kujala Kadphises. Hence, statement 1 is correct. 
• He was the first Yueh Chi chief who crossed the Hindukush Mountains and laid down the foundation of the Kushana Empire. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• Vima Kadphises also was known as Kadphises II, was the son of Kujula Kadphises who was the founder of the Kushan dynasty.
• Vima adopted the title of 'Lord of the Whole World' in his issued Gold coins. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.