Indian Sociologists MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Indian Sociologists - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

Option 3) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

Important Points

• Some major concepts and approaches about social change in India can be grouped as Sanskritization and Westernization.
• Sanskritization refers to the process of adopting upper-caste Hindu customs and traditions.
• Westernization refers to the adoption of Western culture, values, and technology.
• Hence, Statement I is correct.
• The term 'Sanskritization' was coined by the Indian sociologist M.N. Srinivas in 1952 to describe the process of social mobility in Indian society, whereby lower castes adopt the customs, rituals, and beliefs of the upper castes to improve their social status. Hence, Statement II is incorrect.

Additional Information

• 'Westernization' is a term used to describe the process of adoption of Western culture, values, and technology.
• It has no single originator, but has been widely used by social scientists and cultural critics to describe the influence of Western ideas and practices on non-Western societies.

Household Size is not one of the factors that contributed to status differentiation in the Village community of Shamirpet.Important PointsThe factors that contributed to status differentiation in the village community of Shamirpet as per SC Dube are :

• Religion and caste
• Landownership
• Wealth
• Position in government service and village organisation
• Age
• Distinctive personality traits

Additional Information

• SC Dube was known for his research of Indian villages and tribal societies.
• He made use of the structural functionalist approach to study these villages.
• He studied the Kamar tribe, an aboriginal group in Madhya Pradesh.
• He was a firm believer in understanding and focusing on the larger ideas in anthropology rather than the menial words or concepts that make up those ideas and emphasized the malleability of anthropological concepts and their ability to change over time.

Louis Domont is one the view that one of the key features of the caste system is the subordination of the Kshatriya king to the Brahmin priest.Important Points 

• Louis Domont was an eminent sociologist and Indologist.
• His main contributions are 
  1. Homo Hierarchicus: The Caste System and Its Implications
  2. Concept of pure and impure
  3. Theory of varnas
  4. Alliance Theory
  5. Homo Aequalis

Additional Information 

• Satish Saberwal was a sociologist who wrote many books namely, Mobile Men (1976), Roots of Crisis: Interpreting Contemporary Indian Society (1996), Spirals of Contention: Why India was Partitioned in 1947.
• M.N Srinivas is mostly known for his work on caste and caste systems, social stratification, Sanskritization and Westernization in southern India and the concept of 'dominant caste'.
• J. P. S. Uberoi is an Indian sociologist and philosophical anthropologist and is best known for establishing an alternative paradigm in the Indian social sciences, which inaugurates the space for a non-western reading of the West and paves the way for a history and anthropology of science and European modernity.

Endogamy, purity & pollution, ritual hierarchy and ascribed occupation are the features of caste system.Important Points 

• Caste is defined as hereditary endogamous group.
• A  group which have a common name, common traditional occupation, common culture, relatively rigid in matters of mobility, distinctiveness of status and forming a single homogenous community.

Additional Information 

• Ghurye defined caste based on six distinctive characteristics:
  • Segmental division of society.
  • Hierarchy.
  • Civil & religious disabilities and privileges.
  • Lack of unrestricted choice of occupation.
  • Restriction on food, drinks & social intercourse.
  • Endogamy

There are two levels of meanings which are implicit in Sanskritization. These are: Historical specific and contextual specific.Important Points

• Yogendra Singh suggests that there are two layers of understanding within the concept of Sanskritization:
  • Historical specific, which refers to the traditional and historical aspects, and
  • Contextual specific, which pertains to the specific social and cultural circumstances in which Sanskritization occurs.​

Additional Information

• Sanskritization refers to the process of cultural change in which lower castes and non-Hindu communities adopt the cultural practices and norms of the upper-caste Hindu communities, particularly those associated with the Sanskrit language and Hindu religion.
• The term Sanskritization was first used by the Indian sociologist M. N. Srinivas, who observed the phenomenon in South India in the mid-20th century.
• Sanskritization is also seen as a means of upward mobility for lower-caste groups and is therefore a complex and ongoing phenomenon in India.

'Urbanization and Family change in the Indian context' book was published in the year 1990 by sociologist M.S Gore.

Key Points Gore was born in Hubli on August 15, 1921, and graduated with honours from the University of Mumbai in 1942. He began his career as a lecturer at the Delhi School of Social Work the same year he received his master's degree in sociology from the University of Mumbai, where he served as principal from 1953 to 1962. During this time, he continued his doctoral research and received a Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1961; he would later publish his thesis, The Impact of Industrialization and Urbanization on the Aggarwal Family in the Delhi Area, as a book in 1990, shortened to Urbanization and Family Change.

Important Points Gore authored several books and articles, including Social Work and Social Work Education, Urbanization and Family Change, Social Aspects of Development, Education and Modernization in India, and Vitthal Ramji Shinde: An Assessment of His Contributions. From 1977 to 1979, he served as president of the Indian Society of Criminology, the Indian Sociological Society from 1981 to 1982, and the Association of Indian Universities from 1984 to 1985. From 1962 to 1966, he was president of the Indian chapter of the International Association of Schools of Social Work, as well as vice-president of the parent organisation. In 1975, the Government of India bestowed upon him the civilian honour of Padma Bhushan, and in 1982, he received the Indian Sociological Society's Lifetime Achievement Award in 2006.

Therefore, the correct answer is M S Gore.

Dr B.R Ambedkar was an outspoken supporter of social equality, particularly for Dalits, or "untouchables." He also encouraged the Dalit Buddhist movement and established the Buddhist society using his method. While the Southborough committee was debating the Government of India Act regarding untouchability in 1919, Ambedkar advocated for a separate electorate and reservations for untouchables and other religious minorities. In Mumbai, he founded the weekly Mooknayak (Leader of the Silent) in 1920.

Important PointsThe correct chronological sequence of the works of B. R. Ambedkar is :

1. Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development:  9 May 1916
2. Annihilation of Caste: 1936
3. Who Were the Shudras?: 1946
4. The Untouchables: Who Were They and Why They Became Untouchable: 1948

Additional InformationDr. Ambedkar was a remarkable patriot, social genius, political reformer, and philosophical essayist with dynamic ideas. He represented all political, social, and social activities which expanded the explanation of human advancement and satisfaction. He was the driving force behind India's constitution. He advocated for the advancement of the oppressed and marginalised classes. He stood out as a unique crusading soul, carving out a significant role for himself among the main engineers of modern India. Dr. Ambedkar rises not only as a valiant upholder of the Indian equitable republic but also as an extraordinary scholarly mass pioneer who stirred the social still, small voice of contemporary India.

Hence Option 3 is the correct option. 

The correct answer is - Ramkrishna Mukherjee

Key Points

• Ramkrishna Mukherjee
  • He was a prominent Indian sociologist known for his significant contributions to the study of rural society.
  • Mukherjee emphasized the use of the dialectical model in analyzing social structures and changes in rural areas.
  • His work often explored the dynamics of social relations and the conflicts arising from economic and social inequalities.
  • He contributed to the development of a methodological framework for understanding rural social systems within a broader socio-economic context.

Additional Information

• A. B. Mukherji
  • Not widely recognized for contributions to the dialectical model in rural sociology.
  • May have other contributions in the field of sociology or related areas.
• Sudipta Mukherjee
  • Not specifically known for work on the dialectical model in rural society.
  • May have contributions in other sociological or academic fields.
• N. K. Bose
  • Known for his anthropological work and studies on Indian society.
  • His focus was more on cultural and anthropological aspects rather than the dialectical model in rural sociology.

"Modernization of Indian Tradition" book is written by Yogendra Singh.Important Points 

• Yogendra Singh is an Indian sociologist who was one of the founders of the Centre for the Study of Social Systems, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
• Yogendra Singh is famous for his work on critically analyzing the process of modernization of India, the limitation of Sanskritization, Westernization and Little and Great Tradition in explaining Social Change in India, and he had an integrated approach in analyzing the social change in India by considering all factors of social change.

Additional Information 

• Modernity of Tradition and Pursuit of Lakshmi are books written by Roudolph & Roudolph.
• Sociological Traditions: Methods and Perspectives in the Sociology of India and Religion in India are some of the books written by TN Madan.

The correct answer is - Ramkrishna Mukherjee

Key Points

• Ramkrishna Mukherjee
  • He was a prominent Indian sociologist known for his significant contributions to the study of rural society.
  • Mukherjee emphasized the use of the dialectical model in analyzing social structures and changes in rural areas.
  • His work often explored the dynamics of social relations and the conflicts arising from economic and social inequalities.
  • He contributed to the development of a methodological framework for understanding rural social systems within a broader socio-economic context.

Additional Information

• A. B. Mukherji
  • Not widely recognized for contributions to the dialectical model in rural sociology.
  • May have other contributions in the field of sociology or related areas.
• Sudipta Mukherjee
  • Not specifically known for work on the dialectical model in rural society.
  • May have contributions in other sociological or academic fields.
• N. K. Bose
  • Known for his anthropological work and studies on Indian society.
  • His focus was more on cultural and anthropological aspects rather than the dialectical model in rural sociology.