Tribes in India MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Tribes in India - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Onge.

Key Points

• The Onge tribe is one of the indigenous tribes primarily found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
• The Onge are classified as a particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) by the Government of India.
• They are believed to have migrated to the islands thousands of years ago and have traditionally lived as hunter-gatherers.
• The Onge population is critically low, with fewer than 100 individuals remaining, posing a major concern for their survival and conservation.
• The tribe primarily resides in the southern part of Little Andaman Island.

Additional Information

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands:
  • Located in the Bay of Bengal, these islands are known for their rich biodiversity and indigenous tribes.
  • Major tribes include the Onge, Jarawa, Great Andamanese, and Sentinelese.
• Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs):
  • PVTGs are communities recognized for their pre-agricultural level of technology, stagnant or declining population, and extremely low literacy levels.
  • India has identified 75 PVTGs, including the Onge tribe.
• Hunter-Gatherer Lifestyle:
  • The Onge traditionally rely on fishing, hunting, and gathering for sustenance.
  • Modern influences and restricted access to resources have impacted their traditional way of life.
• Conservation Efforts:
  • Various government and non-governmental initiatives aim to preserve the culture and livelihood of PVTGs like the Onge.
  • Focus areas include health care, education, and legal protection of their land and resources.

The correct answer is Agariya.

Key Points

• The Gond tribe is one of the largest tribal groups in India, primarily residing in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.
• Agariya is a significant sub-caste of the Gond tribe, known for their historical involvement in iron smelting and agricultural practices.
• The Gond tribe is classified as a Scheduled Tribe in India, granting them access to various social and economic benefits under the Constitution of India.
• Other notable sub-castes of the Gond tribe include Khatola, Ojha, and Dhurwe, among others, each with unique cultural and occupational traits.
• The Gond people have a rich cultural heritage, including folk art, music, and religious practices, which vary across their sub-castes.

Additional Information

• Scheduled Tribes in India:
  • Scheduled Tribes are indigenous communities recognized under the Constitution of India for their distinct cultural identities and socio-economic challenges.
  • They are provided special benefits and reservations in education, employment, and political representation to uplift their status.
  • India has over 700 Scheduled Tribes, which account for approximately 8.6% of the country's population as per the Census 2011.
• Gond Art:
  • Gond art is a traditional form of painting originating from the Gond tribe, characterized by intricate patterns and vibrant colors.
  • The art often depicts folklore, nature, and daily life, reflecting the tribe's cultural beliefs and connection with nature.
• Iron Smelting by Agariya Sub-Caste:
  • The Agariya sub-caste historically specialized in iron smelting, utilizing traditional techniques passed down through generations.
  • Modern advancements have reduced reliance on traditional iron smelting, pushing the Agariya community towards other occupations like agriculture.
• Other Sub-Castes of Gond Tribe:
  • In addition to Agariya, sub-castes such as Pradhan, Khatola, Dhurwe, and Ojha are prominent among the Gond tribe.
  • Each sub-caste has distinct cultural practices, including specific festivals, rituals, and occupational roles.

The correct answer is Chhindwara district.

Key Points

• The Bharia tribe predominantly resides in the Patalkot valley of Chhindwara district in Madhya Pradesh.
• The Bharia tribe is known for their distinct cultural practices and traditional knowledge.
• Patalkot valley, where the Bharia tribe lives, is renowned for its lush green landscapes and unique ecosystem.
• The Bharia people speak a dialect of the Dravidian language family, which is distinct from other regional languages.

Additional Information

• Tribal Population in India
  • India is home to a significant tribal population, with more than 700 distinct tribes recognized.
  • Tribal communities are primarily found in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and northeastern states.
  • Tribes in India have a rich cultural heritage, including unique languages, traditions, and art forms.
  • The government has various schemes aimed at the welfare and development of tribal communities.
• Patalkot Valley
  • Patalkot is a valley in the Chhindwara district of Madhya Pradesh known for its scenic beauty and biodiversity.
  • The valley is located at an average height of 2750–3250 feet above sea level.
  • Patalkot has been a significant area for the study of traditional herbal medicine practiced by the Bharia tribe.
  • The valley is relatively isolated, preserving the unique culture and lifestyle of its inhabitants.
• Dravidian Language Family
  • The Dravidian language family includes languages like Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam.
  • These languages are primarily spoken in southern India and some parts of central India.
  • Dravidian languages have their own script and have contributed significantly to Indian literature and culture.
  • The Bharia tribe's dialect is part of this language family, showcasing the linguistic diversity within the tribal communities.

The correct answer is Guls or Kuls.

Key Points

• Guls or Kuls are traditional water channels used in Himachal Pradesh to divert water from glaciers or rainwater to villages for irrigation and other agricultural purposes.
• These channels are constructed using locally available materials like mud, stones, and wood, making them cost-effective and sustainable.
• The water is distributed evenly across fields through a network of small channels, ensuring efficient irrigation in hilly terrains.
• Guls or Kuls have been used for centuries in the region and are an excellent example of traditional water management systems in India.
• They are primarily found in the mountainous regions of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir, where agriculture heavily depends on glacial meltwater and rainfall.

Additional Information

• Khadins
  • Khadins are traditional water harvesting systems found in Rajasthan.
  • They consist of a bund (embankment) built across a slope to capture surface runoff and allow it to percolate into the ground.
  • They are used for both irrigation and groundwater recharge in arid and semi-arid regions.
• Johads
  • Johads are small earthen check dams constructed to collect and store rainwater.
  • They are primarily found in Rajasthan and other parts of northwestern India.
  • Johads help in increasing groundwater levels and are used for drinking water and irrigation purposes.
• Baori
  • Baoris are stepwells found in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
  • They serve as water storage systems and are known for their architectural beauty.
  • These structures provide water for drinking and other daily activities, especially during the dry season.
• Traditional Water Management in India
  • India has a rich tradition of indigenous water management systems adapted to local climatic and geographical conditions.
  • Examples include Zabo (Nagaland), Bamboo Drip Irrigation (Meghalaya), and Eri (Tamil Nadu).
  • These systems emphasize sustainability, community participation, and efficient use of resources.

The correct answer is Nepal.

Key Points

• The Magar and Tharu are indigenous ethnic communities predominantly found in Nepal.
• The Magar community is one of the largest indigenous groups in Nepal, known for their cultural and linguistic diversity.
• The Tharu community is primarily concentrated in the Terai region of Nepal and is known for their unique traditions and agricultural practices.
• Both communities have rich cultural heritages, including traditional dances, music, and rituals, which are integral to Nepal's cultural diversity.
• These communities play a significant role in Nepal's socio-economic landscape, with many engaging in agriculture, handicrafts, and tourism industries.

Additional Information

• Magar Community
  • The Magar people primarily inhabit the mid-hill regions of Nepal, including areas like Palpa, Rolpa, and Rukum.
  • Magar language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family and has several dialects.
  • Magars have a long history of serving in the British and Indian Gurkha regiments, known for their bravery.
  • They practice a blend of animism, Buddhism, and Hinduism.
• Tharu Community
  • The Tharu people are indigenous to the Terai region, which lies along the southern plains of Nepal.
  • They are known for their resilience to malaria, which historically made them the primary inhabitants of the region.
  • Tharu culture is characterized by unique art forms, such as wall painting and traditional Tharu dances.
  • They celebrate festivals like Maghi, which marks the Tharu New Year and involves traditional food and dances.
• Ethnic Diversity in Nepal
  • Nepal is home to over 125 ethnic groups, making it one of the most culturally diverse nations in the world.
  • These groups speak more than 120 different languages and dialects.
  • The ethnic communities have contributed significantly to Nepal's cultural, linguistic, and historical richness.
  • The government of Nepal recognizes these groups as indigenous nationalities and works to preserve their heritage.
• Terai Region of Nepal
  • The Terai is the southernmost part of Nepal and is known for its fertile plains.
  • This region is home to a majority of the Tharu population as well as other ethnic communities.
  • The Terai contributes significantly to Nepal's agriculture and economy.
  • It serves as a cultural melting pot due to its proximity to India and diverse population.

The correct answer is Guls or Kuls.

Key Points

• Guls or Kuls are traditional water channels used in Himachal Pradesh to divert water from glaciers or rainwater to villages for irrigation and other agricultural purposes.
• These channels are constructed using locally available materials like mud, stones, and wood, making them cost-effective and sustainable.
• The water is distributed evenly across fields through a network of small channels, ensuring efficient irrigation in hilly terrains.
• Guls or Kuls have been used for centuries in the region and are an excellent example of traditional water management systems in India.
• They are primarily found in the mountainous regions of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir, where agriculture heavily depends on glacial meltwater and rainfall.

Additional Information

• Khadins
  • Khadins are traditional water harvesting systems found in Rajasthan.
  • They consist of a bund (embankment) built across a slope to capture surface runoff and allow it to percolate into the ground.
  • They are used for both irrigation and groundwater recharge in arid and semi-arid regions.
• Johads
  • Johads are small earthen check dams constructed to collect and store rainwater.
  • They are primarily found in Rajasthan and other parts of northwestern India.
  • Johads help in increasing groundwater levels and are used for drinking water and irrigation purposes.
• Baori
  • Baoris are stepwells found in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
  • They serve as water storage systems and are known for their architectural beauty.
  • These structures provide water for drinking and other daily activities, especially during the dry season.
• Traditional Water Management in India
  • India has a rich tradition of indigenous water management systems adapted to local climatic and geographical conditions.
  • Examples include Zabo (Nagaland), Bamboo Drip Irrigation (Meghalaya), and Eri (Tamil Nadu).
  • These systems emphasize sustainability, community participation, and efficient use of resources.

The correct answer is Nepal.

Key Points

• The Magar and Tharu are indigenous ethnic communities predominantly found in Nepal.
• The Magar community is one of the largest indigenous groups in Nepal, known for their cultural and linguistic diversity.
• The Tharu community is primarily concentrated in the Terai region of Nepal and is known for their unique traditions and agricultural practices.
• Both communities have rich cultural heritages, including traditional dances, music, and rituals, which are integral to Nepal's cultural diversity.
• These communities play a significant role in Nepal's socio-economic landscape, with many engaging in agriculture, handicrafts, and tourism industries.

Additional Information

• Magar Community
  • The Magar people primarily inhabit the mid-hill regions of Nepal, including areas like Palpa, Rolpa, and Rukum.
  • Magar language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family and has several dialects.
  • Magars have a long history of serving in the British and Indian Gurkha regiments, known for their bravery.
  • They practice a blend of animism, Buddhism, and Hinduism.
• Tharu Community
  • The Tharu people are indigenous to the Terai region, which lies along the southern plains of Nepal.
  • They are known for their resilience to malaria, which historically made them the primary inhabitants of the region.
  • Tharu culture is characterized by unique art forms, such as wall painting and traditional Tharu dances.
  • They celebrate festivals like Maghi, which marks the Tharu New Year and involves traditional food and dances.
• Ethnic Diversity in Nepal
  • Nepal is home to over 125 ethnic groups, making it one of the most culturally diverse nations in the world.
  • These groups speak more than 120 different languages and dialects.
  • The ethnic communities have contributed significantly to Nepal's cultural, linguistic, and historical richness.
  • The government of Nepal recognizes these groups as indigenous nationalities and works to preserve their heritage.
• Terai Region of Nepal
  • The Terai is the southernmost part of Nepal and is known for its fertile plains.
  • This region is home to a majority of the Tharu population as well as other ethnic communities.
  • The Terai contributes significantly to Nepal's agriculture and economy.
  • It serves as a cultural melting pot due to its proximity to India and diverse population.

The correct answer is Khatik.

Key Points

• Khatik is not classified as a tribe in Rajasthan; it is actually a caste traditionally associated with butchery and agriculture.
• The Bhil tribe is one of the largest tribal communities in Rajasthan.
• The Meena tribe is another significant tribal group in the state, often involved in agriculture and traditional practices.
• Damor is also recognized as a tribal community in Rajasthan, primarily residing in the southern parts of the state.

Additional Information

• Tribes in Rajasthan:
  • Rajasthan is home to a diverse set of tribes, each with unique cultural practices, dialects, and traditions.
  • Some of the prominent tribes include Bhil, Meena, Garasia, Saharia, and Damor.
• Bhil Tribe:
  • The Bhils are known for their rich cultural heritage, including traditional dance forms like the Ghoomar.
  • They primarily inhabit the districts of Dungarpur, Banswara, and Udaipur.
• Meena Tribe:
  • The Meenas are considered to be one of the earliest inhabitants of Rajasthan.
  • They hold significant positions in agriculture and local governance.
• Damor Tribe:
  • The Damors are primarily concentrated in the southern parts of Rajasthan.
  • They engage in agriculture, animal husbandry, and traditional crafts.
• Khatik Community:
  • The Khatiks are traditionally involved in butchery, agriculture, and selling meat.
  • They are classified as a caste, not a tribe, and are found across various states in India.

The correct answer is Agariya.

Key Points

• The Gond tribe is one of the largest tribal groups in India, primarily residing in Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Maharashtra, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.
• Agariya is a significant sub-caste of the Gond tribe, known for their historical involvement in iron smelting and agricultural practices.
• The Gond tribe is classified as a Scheduled Tribe in India, granting them access to various social and economic benefits under the Constitution of India.
• Other notable sub-castes of the Gond tribe include Khatola, Ojha, and Dhurwe, among others, each with unique cultural and occupational traits.
• The Gond people have a rich cultural heritage, including folk art, music, and religious practices, which vary across their sub-castes.

Additional Information

• Scheduled Tribes in India:
  • Scheduled Tribes are indigenous communities recognized under the Constitution of India for their distinct cultural identities and socio-economic challenges.
  • They are provided special benefits and reservations in education, employment, and political representation to uplift their status.
  • India has over 700 Scheduled Tribes, which account for approximately 8.6% of the country's population as per the Census 2011.
• Gond Art:
  • Gond art is a traditional form of painting originating from the Gond tribe, characterized by intricate patterns and vibrant colors.
  • The art often depicts folklore, nature, and daily life, reflecting the tribe's cultural beliefs and connection with nature.
• Iron Smelting by Agariya Sub-Caste:
  • The Agariya sub-caste historically specialized in iron smelting, utilizing traditional techniques passed down through generations.
  • Modern advancements have reduced reliance on traditional iron smelting, pushing the Agariya community towards other occupations like agriculture.
• Other Sub-Castes of Gond Tribe:
  • In addition to Agariya, sub-castes such as Pradhan, Khatola, Dhurwe, and Ojha are prominent among the Gond tribe.
  • Each sub-caste has distinct cultural practices, including specific festivals, rituals, and occupational roles.

The correct answer is Chhindwara district.

Key Points

• The Bharia tribe predominantly resides in the Patalkot valley of Chhindwara district in Madhya Pradesh.
• The Bharia tribe is known for their distinct cultural practices and traditional knowledge.
• Patalkot valley, where the Bharia tribe lives, is renowned for its lush green landscapes and unique ecosystem.
• The Bharia people speak a dialect of the Dravidian language family, which is distinct from other regional languages.

Additional Information

• Tribal Population in India
  • India is home to a significant tribal population, with more than 700 distinct tribes recognized.
  • Tribal communities are primarily found in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and northeastern states.
  • Tribes in India have a rich cultural heritage, including unique languages, traditions, and art forms.
  • The government has various schemes aimed at the welfare and development of tribal communities.
• Patalkot Valley
  • Patalkot is a valley in the Chhindwara district of Madhya Pradesh known for its scenic beauty and biodiversity.
  • The valley is located at an average height of 2750–3250 feet above sea level.
  • Patalkot has been a significant area for the study of traditional herbal medicine practiced by the Bharia tribe.
  • The valley is relatively isolated, preserving the unique culture and lifestyle of its inhabitants.
• Dravidian Language Family
  • The Dravidian language family includes languages like Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam.
  • These languages are primarily spoken in southern India and some parts of central India.
  • Dravidian languages have their own script and have contributed significantly to Indian literature and culture.
  • The Bharia tribe's dialect is part of this language family, showcasing the linguistic diversity within the tribal communities.