Soils MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Soils - Download Free PDF

Option 4 is correct, i.e. Alluvial Soil.

Key Points

• Alluvial soil is mainly found in Northern Plains.
• These soils are widespread in the Northern Plains and valleys.
• They are depositional soils, formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra Rivers.
• In the Upper and Middle Ganga Plain, two types of alluvial soils have developed, namely, Khadar (New alluvium) and Bhangar (Old alluvium).

Additional Information

Black Soil:

• Black soil is also known as regur soil.
• It covers a major part of the Deccan plateau including the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu.
• It is also known as black cotton soil.
• These are impermeable, deep, and, clayey and are rich in alumina, magnesia, iron, and lime.
• Some of the crops grown on it include cotton, Jowar, wheat, and linseed, etc.

Red Soil:

• Red Soil in India is poor in phosphorus, nitrogen, and lime contents.
• The red soils cover a large portion of the land in India.
• It is found in Indian states such as Tamil Nadu, southern Karnataka, north-eastern Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha.

Laterite Soil:

• Laterite soil is mainly found in the Western and Eastern Ghats.
• The soil provides valuable building materials and is suitable for producing crops like coconut, tea, coffee, areca nut, rubber, etc. 

Correct Answer Regur

Key Points:

• The Black soil is also known as regur soil.
• It covers a major part of Deccan plateau including the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu.
• It is also known as black cotton soil.
• These are impermeable, deep, and, clayey and are rich in alumina, magnesia, iron, and lime.
• Some of the crops grown on it include cotton, jowar, wheat, and linseed, etc.

In the Gangetic plain of Uttar Pradesh alluvial soil is found. Bangar and khadar are two subdivisions of it.

• Bangar soil is found in the northern and central part of Uttar Pradesh. Few kankar and pebbles are also found in the soil of this area. Due to intensive agriculture, the fertility of the soil has reduced.
• Khadar soil - The flooded plains of the Uttar Pradesh has this type of soil. The khadar soil is rich in lime, potash, magnesium and organic matter. The soil is fertile and not much need of manure is there. Because of the sedimentary elements in the area because of flood, the soil remains fertile.

The correct answer is Black soil.

Key Points Black Soil:

• Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Tamil Nadu.
• These soils are also known as the ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’.
• Titaniferous Magnetite gives black colour to black soil.
• The black soils are generally clayey, deep, and impermeable.
• They swell and become sticky when wet and shrink when dried. Being sticky is characteristic of black soil.
• So, during the dry season, this soil develops wide cracks. Thus, there occurs a kind of ‘self-ploughing’.
• The black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia, and alumina.
• They also contain potash but they lack phosphorous, nitrogen, and organic matter.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• Laterite soils are generally poor in fertility, deficient in lime, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients. Hence, Statement 1 is correct.
• They are heavily leached due to high rainfall, causing removal of soluble minerals. Hence, Statement 3 is correct.
• These soils are commonly used as building materials in some regions due to their hardening properties on exposure to air. Hence, Statement 2 is correct.
• However, laterite soils are generally porous, coarse, and have low water retention; they do not have a large clay content and are not moisture retentive. Hence, Statement 4 is not correct. 

Maad soil is usually found in the Southern part of Uttar Pradesh.

• Maad soil contains silica(60%), Iron(15%), aluminum(25%).
• In this type of soil, agriculture is difficult.
• The Southern Plateau was made up in the Pre-Cambrian period also known as Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand regions.

The correct answer is Alluvial.

Key Points

• Mahanadi and Godavari River Deltas are a basin of the deposit that drains a large landmass into the Bay of Bengal.
  • The deltas of the Mahanadi and the Godavari are rich in alluvial soils.
  • The upper part of the Mahanadi delta plain is heavily populated.
• Alluvial soil is the most extensive soil type in India.
  • It covers about 43% of the total area in India.
  • Alluvial soils divided into the Khadar (new alluvium) and the Bhangar (old alluvium).
  • Light grey to Ash grey in colour.
  • Alluvial soils are rich in potash and poor in nitrogen and organic matter.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Laterite Soil.

• Laterite soils are suitable for the cultivation of Rubber, Cinchona, and Arecanut.
• These soils are mostly the end products of weathering.
• These soils mainly contain iron oxide which gave them the red colour.

Key Points

• They are formed under conditions of high temperature and heavy rainfall.
• Heavy rainfall promotes leaching.
• These soils are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate, and calcium, while iron oxide and potash are in excess.

The correct answer is Black soil.

• Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau.​

Key Points

• Black soils are mineral soils that have a black surface horizon, enriched with organic carbon that is at least 25 cm deep.
• Black soils are derivatives of trap Lava.
• Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau which includes parts of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and some parts of Tamil Nadu.
  • Black soils have high clay content.
  • They have an iron-rich granular structure.
  • They are poor in humus but highly moisture-retentive.

Additional Information

Important Points

All the soil Types present in the Indian States:

The correct answer is option 4 i.e Arid soil.

Key Points

• Arid soils are the soils of desert semi-arid regions.
  • Arid soil is generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.
  • It contains high salt and low humus content.
  • Arid soils are made fertile by adding gypsum.
  • Found in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab regions.
  • Support very few crops like Barley, Jowar, Bajra.

Additional Information

• Alluvial soil is the most extensive soil type in India.
  • The deltas of the Mahanadi and the Godavari are rich in alluvial soils.
  • This soil type covers around 43% of the total area in India.
  • Alluvial soils are rich in potash.
  • Suitable for the growth of Kharif and Rabi crops.
• Laterite soil soils are mainly formed due to the weathering of laterite rocks.
  • Suitable for construction works.
  • Suitable for the growth of cashew and tapioca.
• Black soils are volcanic origin.
  • Also called Chernozem.
  • Suitable for the growth of cotton.
  • Found largely in Deccan Plateau.

The correct answer is Red laterite soil.

Key Points

• Red laterite soils are formed due to the weathering of laterite rocks.
  • Red laterite soil is most suitable for growing cashew nuts.
  • Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminium content.
  • Usually rusty-red in colour due to the high iron oxide content.
  • It is suitable for building purposes.
  • Red laterite soils in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala are mor suitable for tea plantations.

Additional Information

• Black soil is well suited for the cultivation of cotton so it is also called cotton soil.
  • It is also called ‘Regur Soil’ or the ‘Black Cotton Soil’
  • It is formed by the disintegration of basalt.
• Alluvial soils are the most extensive soil type in India.
  • Alluvial soils are formed from the sediments deposited by the rivers.
  • It is rich in potash and poor in nitrogen and organic matter.
  • Alluvial soils are most suitable for growing wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, pulses, etc.
• Red and yellow soils are derived from granites, gneisses and other metamorphic rocks.
  • The soil looks reddish in colour due to a wide diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks and it looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.
  • Red and yellow soils are most suitable for growing wheat, cotton, pulses, tobacco, millets, oilseeds, potato, etc.

The correct answer is Black Soil.

Key Points

• Black Soil is predomainantly found in the Deccan lava tract in India.
• On the Deccan lava plateau and the Malwa Plateau, where there is moderate rainfall and underlying basaltic rock, black soils, which are derivatives of trap lava, are mostly found in interior Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh.
• Black soils have a high percentage of clay, which causes large fissures to form during the dry season, yet their iron-rich granular structure prevents wind and water erosion.
• Despite having little humus, they are very moisture-retentive and react well to irrigation.
• These soils can also be found on several outlying tracts where river processes have caused the underlying basalt to be moved from its original position.

Important Points

• Alluvium is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by flowing water on a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in environments that are similar.
• About 13% of the soils on Earth are red soil, which often forms in warm, moderate, and humid areas. 
• Heavy rainfall, periods of wet and dry weather, and high temperatures all contribute to the formation of laterite soil, which is then primarily composed of iron and aluminium oxides once the soil has been leached.

Option 4 is correct, i.e. Alluvial Soil.

Key Points

• Alluvial soil is mainly found in Northern Plains.
• These soils are widespread in the Northern Plains and valleys.
• They are depositional soils, formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra Rivers.
• In the Upper and Middle Ganga Plain, two types of alluvial soils have developed, namely, Khadar (New alluvium) and Bhangar (Old alluvium).

Additional Information

Black Soil:

• Black soil is also known as regur soil.
• It covers a major part of the Deccan plateau including the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu.
• It is also known as black cotton soil.
• These are impermeable, deep, and, clayey and are rich in alumina, magnesia, iron, and lime.
• Some of the crops grown on it include cotton, Jowar, wheat, and linseed, etc.

Red Soil:

• Red Soil in India is poor in phosphorus, nitrogen, and lime contents.
• The red soils cover a large portion of the land in India.
• It is found in Indian states such as Tamil Nadu, southern Karnataka, north-eastern Andhra Pradesh, and some parts of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha.

Laterite Soil:

• Laterite soil is mainly found in the Western and Eastern Ghats.
• The soil provides valuable building materials and is suitable for producing crops like coconut, tea, coffee, areca nut, rubber, etc. 

The correct answer is Regur soil.Key Points

• Black soil is best suited for cotton cultivation as black soil retains moisture for a longer time and has a rich amount of humus.
  • Apart from cotton, black soil is suitable for the cultivation of crops like wheat, groundnut, chili, tobacco and jowar which is found in the region of the Deccan and Malwa plateau in India.

Additional Information

• Alluvial soils are formed from eroded sediments. It is made up of many materials like silt, clay and sand particles. Alluvial soil is deposited by the water of rivers.
• Laterite soils cover 10 per cent of the geographical area of ​​our country. It is mainly found in the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, southern parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Kerala, Assam, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal.
• Red soil is rich in iron elements. Rice, wheat, sugarcane, maize, potatoes, pulses and fruits are cultivated in red soil. Red soil is not suitable for cotton cultivation.

The correct answer is It is rich in phosphoric content.

Key Points

Properties of Black Soil

• It is found along the Deccan trap.
• It has a good capacity to hold moisture.
• It develops deep cracks during hot weather.
•  It has rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime but poor in nitrogen and phosphorous.
• It has a clayey texture and are highly fertile the structure of these soils is cloddish or occasionally friable.
• Ti is highly retentive of moisture, extremely compact and tenacious when wet contractible and develops deep wide cracks on drying.
• It has calcareous and neutral to mild alkaline in reaction, high in carbon exchange capacity and low in organic matter.
• It has property of self-ploughing and comparatively less fertile on the uplands than on the lowlands.